photocells Features Description • Lowest-cost visible detector Photocells or Light-Dependent Resistors can provide a very • Available in low-cost plastic- economical and technically superior solution for many applications encapsulated packages as well where the presence or absence of light is sensed (digital operation) as hermetic packages (TO-46, or where the intensity of light needs to be measured (analog TO-5, TO-8) operation). • Responsive to both very low light levels (moonlight) and to very high Semiconductor light detectors can be divided into two major light levels (direct sunlight) categories: junction and bulk-effect devices. Junction devices, • Wide dynamic range: resistance when operated in the photoconductive mode, utilize the reverse changes of several orders of characteristic of a PN junction. Under reverse bias, the PN junction magnitude between "light" and acts as a light-controlled current source. Output is proportional "no light" to incident illumination and is relatively independent of applied • Low noise distortion voltage. Silicon photodiodes are examples of this type of detector. • Maximum operating voltages of 50 to 400 Volts are suitable for opera- In contrast, bulk-effect photoconductors have no junction. The tion on 120/240 VAC bulk resistivity decreases with increasing illumination, allowing • Available in center-tap dual-cell more photocurrent to flow. This resistive characteristic gives configurations as well as specially bulk-effect photoconductors a unique quality: signal current from selected resistance ranges for the detector can be varied over a wide range by adjusting the special applications applied voltage. To clearly make this distinction, PerkinElmer • Easy to use in DC or AC circuits Optoelectronics refers to its bulk-effect photoconductors as • Usable with almost any visible or photoconductive cells or, simply, photocells. near-infrared light source such as LEDS; neon; fluorescent, incandes- Photocells are thin-film devices made by depositing a layer cent bulbs, lasers; flame sources; of a photoconductive material on a ceramic substrate. Metal sunlight; etc. contacts are evaporated over the surface of the photoconductor and • Available in a wide range of external electrical connection is made to these contacts. These thin resistance values films of photoconductive material have a high sheet resistance. Therefore, the space between the two contacts is made narrow Typical Analog Applications and interdigitated for low cell resistance at moderate light levels. • Auto-focus for slide projector • Colorimetric test equipment • Densitometer • Electronic scales—dual-cell • Automated rear-view mirror Typical Digital Applications • Automatic headlight dimmer • Night light control • Oil burner flame out • Street light control • Absence/presence (beam breaker) • Position sensor Datasheets available upon request. 24 www.optoelectronics.perkinelmer.com Photocells VT Series Technical Specification Resistance (Ohms) Sensitivity (g, typ.) Response Time @ 1fc Part 10 lux 2850 K 2 fc 2850 K Dark Material LOG (R10/R100) Max. Volts ms, typ. Number min. typ. max. typ. min. sec. Type LOG (100/10) V, pk Rise (1-1/e) Fall (1/e) VT20N1 8 k 16 k 24 k 8 k 200 k 5 0 0.8 100 78 8 VT20N2 16 k 34 k 52 k 17 k 500 k 5 0 0.8 100 78 8 VT20N3 36 k 72 k 108 k 36 k 1 M 5 0 0.8 100 78 8 VT20N4 76 k 152 k 230 k 76 k 2 M 5 0 0.8 200 78 8 VT23N1 20 k 40 k 60 k 20 k 500 k 5 3 0.85 100 35 5 VT23N2 42 k 86 k 130 k 43 k 1 M 5 3 0.85 100 35 5 VT23N3 90 k 180 k 270 k 90 k 2 M 5 3 0.85 100 35 5 VT30N1 6 k 12 k 18 k 6 k 200 k 5 0 0.75 100 78 8 VT Series VT30N2 12 k 24 k 36 k 12 k 500 k 5 0 0.8 200 78 8 VT30N3 24 k 48 k 72 k 24 k 1 M 5 0 0.8 200 78 8 VT30N4 50 k 100 k 150 k 50 k 2 M 5 0 0.8 300 78 8 VT30CT 10 k 20 k 30 k 10 k 500 k 5 0 0.8 200 78 8 VT33N1 20 k 40 k 60 k 20 k 500 k 5 3 0.9 100 35 5 VT33N2 40 k 80 k 120 k 40 k 1 M 5 3 0.9 200 35 5 VT33N3 80 k 160 k 240 k 80 k 2 M 5 3 0.9 200 35 5 VT33CT 60 k 120 k 180 k 60 k 1 M 5 3 0.9 200 35 5 VT Series Technical Specification Resistance (Ohms) Sensitivity (g, typ.) Response Time @ 1fc Part 10 lux 2850 K 2 fc 2850 K Dark Material LOG (R10/R100) Max. Volts ms, typ. Number min. typ. max. typ. min. sec. Type LOG (100/10) V, pk Rise (1-1/e) Fall (1/e) VT43N1 4 k 8 k 12 k — 300 k 30 3 0.9 250 90 18 VT43N2 8 k 16 k 24 k — 300 k 30 3 0.9 250 90 18 VT43N3 16 k 32 k 48 k — 500 k 30 3 0.9 400 90 18 VT43N4 33 k 66 k 100 k — 500 k 30 3 0.9 400 90 18 VT50N1 4 k 8 k 12 k 4 k 200 k 5 0 0.75 200 78 8 VT50N2 8 k 16 k 24 k 8 k 500 k 5 0 0.75 200 78 8 VT50N3 16 k 32 k 48 k 16 k 1 M 5 0 0.8 300 78 8 VT53N1 16 k 32 k 48 k 16 k 1 M 5 3 0.85 200 35 5 VT53N2 32 k 76 k 96 k 38 k 2 M 5 3 0.85 200 35 5 VT53N3 66 k 132 k 200 k 66 k 3 M 5 3 0.85 300 35 5 Specification Notes VT Series Photocells categorized into groups by resistance. All Technical Specification groups must be purchased together and PerkinElmer maintains the right to determine the product mix among Resistance (Ohms) Sensitivity (g, typ.) Response Time @ 1fc these groups. Part 10 lux 2850 K 2 fc 2850 K Dark Material LOG (R10/R100) Max. Volts ms, typ. Number min. typ. max. typ. min. sec. Type LOG (100/10) V, pk Rise (1-1/e) Fall (1/e) Dimensions controlled at base of package. Photocells are tested at either 1 fc or 10 lux. 2 fc. typical VT80N1 4 k 8 k 12 k 4 k 100 k 5 0 0.8 100 78 8 values shown in the tables are for reference only. VT80N2 8 k 16 k 24 k 8 k 500 k 5 0 0.8 200 78 8 Cells are light-adapted at 30–50 fc. VT83N1 6 k 12 k 18 k 6 k 100 k 5 3 0.95 100 35 5 The photocell “grid” pattern can vary from that shown. PerkinElmer reserves the right to change mix grid patterns VT83N2 12 k 28 k 36 k 14 k 500 k 5 3 0.95 200 35 5 on any standard product. VT83N3 24 k 48 k 72 k 24k 1 M 5 3 0.95 200 35 5 The resistance for any standard cell is controlled at only VT83N4 50 k 100 k 150 k 50 k 2 M 5 3 0.95 200 35 5 one light level. If the resistance at other light levels is a concern, please contact us. VT83CT 30 k 60 k 90 k 30 k 1 M 5 3 0.90 100 35 5 VT90N1 6 k 12 k 18 k 6 k 200 k 5 0 0.8 100 78 8 VT90N2 12 k 24 k 36 k 12 k 500 k 5 0 0.8 100 78 8 VT90N3 25 k 50 k 75 k 25 k 1 M 5 0 0.85 100 78 8 VT90N4 50 k 100 k 150 k 50 k 2 M 5 0 0.9 100 78 8 VT93N1 12 k 24 k 36 k 12 k 300 k 5 3 0.9 100 35 5 VT93N2 24 k 48 k 72 k 24 k 500 k 5 3 0.9 100 35 5 VT93N3 50 k 100 k 150 k 50 k 500 k 5 3 0.9 100 35 5 VT93N4 100 k 200 k 300 k 100 k 500 k 5 3 0.9 100 35 5 www.optoelectronics.perkinelmer.com 25 photocells A10 Series Technical Specification Typical Electro-Optical Characteristics Limit Values g Part R10 range R100 typ. R01 min. R05 min. l Top range Tst range TC 10 lux ton typ. toff typ. Vmax. Pmax. 10/100 peak W W W W W W W W Number k k M M typ. nm ˚C ˚C %/˚k msec msec V mW A106009 4–11 2 0.04 0.12 0.65 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 50 40 100 90 A106011 9–20 3.5 0.06 0.18 0.65 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 60 40 150 90 A106012 16–33 5 0.18 0.5 0.7 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 50 35 150 90 A106013 27–94 8 0.5 1.5 0.8 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 35 30 150 90 A106014 77–340 15 1.5 5 0.9 600-20–+70 -20–+80 0.5 25 20 150 90 A106031 60–130 23 0.4 1.2 0.65 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 60 40 300 90 A106032 120–210 35 1 3 0.7 600-20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 50 35 300 90 A10 Series A106033 200–580 50 3 9 0.8 600-20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 35 30 300 90 A106034 500–1200 100 5 15 0.9 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.5 25 20 300 90 A105009 4–11 2 0.04 0.12 0.65 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 70 50 100 90 A105011 9–22 4 0.05 0.15 0.6 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.2 70 50 150 90 A105013 36–88 12 0.4 1.2 0.7 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 50 30 150 90 All readings taken at standard light A (2854 K color temperature) after 2 hours of preillumination at 500 lux. A90 Series Technical Specification Typical Electro-Optical Characteristics Limit Values g Part R10 range R100 typ. R01 min. R05 min. l Top range Tst range TC 10 lux ton typ. toff typ. Vmax. Pmax. 10/100 peak Number kW W kW W MW W MW W typ. nm ˚C ˚C %/˚k msec msec VmW A906009 4–11 2 0.04 0.12 0.65 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 50 40 100 90 A906011 9–20 3.5 0.06 0.18 0.65 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 60 40 150 90 A906012 16–33 5 0.18 0.5 0.7 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 50 35 150 90 A906013 27–94 8 0.5 1.5 0.8 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 35 30 150 90 A906014 77–340 15 1.5 5 0.9 600-20–+70 -20–+80 0.5 25 20 150 90 A906031 60–130 23 0.4 1.2 0.65 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 60 40 300 90 Table Key A906032 120–210 35 1 3 0.7 600-20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 50 35 300 90 R10 Resistance at E=10 lux light intensity A906033 200–580 50 3 9 0.8 600-20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 35 30 300 90 R 100 Resistance at E=100 lux light intensity A906034 500–1200 100 5 15 0.9 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.5 25 20 300 90 R01 Dark Resistance after 1 sec (E=0) R05 Dark Resistance after 5 sec (E=0) A905012 18–44 7 0.15 0.45 0.65 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.2 60 40 150 90 g Sensitivity log (R10/R100)/log (100 lux/10 lux) 10/1oo A905013 36–88 12 0.4 1.2 0.7 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 50 30 150 90 l Peak Spectral Sensitivity peak Top Operating Temperature A905014 70–200 20 1 3 0.75 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 40 30 150 90 Tst Storage Temperature A995011 9–22 4 0.05 0.15 0.6 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.2 70 50 150 90 TC Thermal Coefficient A995012 18–44 7 0.15 0.45 0.65 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.2 60 40 150 90 ton Rise Time to 63% of final I (R10) toff Decay Time to 37% of initial I (R10) A995013 36–88 12 0.4 1.2 0.7 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 50 30 150 90 Vmax Maximum Operating Voltage at E=0 lux A995014 70–200 20 1 3 0.75 530 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 40 30 150 90 Pmax Power Dissipation at 25˚C Ambient Temperature All readings taken at standard light A (2854 K color temperature) after 2 hours of preillumination at 500 lux. 26 www.optoelectronics.perkinelmer.com Photocells B90 Series Technical Specification Typical Electro-Optical Characteristics Limit Values g Part R10 range R100 typ. R01 min. R05 min. l Top range Tst range TC 10 lux ton typ. toff typ. Vmax. Pmax. 10/100 peak Number kW W kW W MW W MW W typ. nm ˚C ˚C %/˚k msec msec VmW B906032 5–13 2 0.1 0.3 0.7 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 50 35 300200 B906033 11–40 5 0.2 0.6 0.8 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 35 25 300200 All readings taken at standard light A (2854 K color temperature) after 2 hours of preillumination at 500 lux. D99 Series Technical Specification Typical Electro-Optical Characteristics Limit Values B90 Series g Part R10 range R100 typ. R01 min. R05 min. l Top range Tst range TC 10 lux ton typ. toff typ. Vmax. Pmax. 10/100 peak Number kW W kW W MW W MW W typ. nm ˚C ˚C %/˚k msec msec V mW D996011 1.5–3 0.6 0.01 0.03 0.6 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 60 35 150 200 D996012 2.8–6 0.8 0.03 0.09 0.7 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 50 30 150 200 D996013 4.5–13 1.5 0.1 0.3 0.8 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 35 25 150200 D996022 8–15 2.5 0.09 0.27 0.7 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 50 30 150 200 D996023 12–35 4 0.5 1.5 0.8 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 35 25 150200 All readings taken at standard light A (2854 K color temperature) after 2 hours of preillumination at 500 lux. M99 Series Technical Specification Typical Electro-Optical Characteristics Limit Values g Part R10 range R100 typ. R01 min. R05 min. l Top range Tst range TC 10 lux ton typ. toff typ. Vmax. Pmax. 10/100 peak Number kW W kW W MW W MW W typ. nm ˚C ˚C %/˚k msec msec V mW D99 Series M996011a 1.5–5 0.7 0.05 0.15 0.7 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 50 30 100 200 M996011b 0.8–2 0.4 0.05 0.15 0.65 600 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 40 30 100 200 All readings taken at standard light A (2854 K color temperature) after 2 hours of preillumination at 500 lux. U11 Series Technical Specification Typical Electro-Optical Characteristics Limit Values g Part R10 R100 typ. R01 min. R05 min. l top range tst range TC 10 lux ton typ. toff typ. Vmax Pmax 10/10 peak Number kW W kW W mW W mW W min. nm ˚C ˚C %/˚K msec msec V mW U116012 20–50 8 0.12 0.36 0.7 550 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 50 40 150 50 U116013 35–220 15 0.4 1.2 0.85 550 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 40 30 150 50 U116014 150–1000 35 1 3 0.95 550 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.4 30 25 150 50 M99 Series U116032 100–320 40 1 3 0.7 550-20–+70 -20–+80 0.3 40 30 400 50 U116033 250–1100 75 2 6 0.85 550 -20–+70 -20–+80 0.35 30 25 400 50 All readings taken at standard light A (2854 K color temperature) after 2 hours of preillumination at 500 lux. U11 Series www.optoelectronics.perkinelmer.com 27