PANASONIC LR6

AlkAline HAndbook englisH industriAl bAtteries sAFetY, long-liFe And PoWer! PAnAsoniC bAtteries PAnAsoniC industriAl euroPe Find out HoW We CAn PoWer Your business! Panasonic Corporation, foun ded in Osaka 1918, is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of quality electronic and electrical equipment. Its subsidiary, Panasonic Industrial Europe GmbH (PIE) deals with a wide diversified range of in dus trial products for all European countries. This company was formed in 1998 to strengthen Panasonic’s Pan­European industry opera­ tion, and today is active in such different business fields as Automotive, AV/Communication, Appliance, Industry & Devices to satisfy its customer’s needs. Panasonic quality – certified by authorised companies. We are able to offer you a wide range of individual power When it comes to production our facilities employ leading Pie organisation divisions Holistic sustainability ➜ solu tions for portable and stationary applications. Our prod­ edge manufacturing processes meeting the highest quality Automotive Wood is capital for human beings, animals and plants. The ➜ uct range includes high reliability batteries such as Lithium­ standards. Our factories are certified to ISO standards. This AV/Communication organisation Programme for the Endorsement of Forest ➜ Ion, Lithium, Nickel­Metal­Hy dride, Valve­Regu lated­Lead­ means that each factory has its own quality and environ­ Appliance Certification Schemes (PEFC) is working continuously to ➜ Acid (VRLA), Alkaline and Zinc­Carbon. Based on this battery mental management. The ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 series are Industry & Devices sustain the ecological equilibrium in our woods. Companies ➜ range we can power your busi ness in virtually all applications. the minimum benchmarks that ensure our excellent product PMG (Product Marketing Group) which are certified by PEFC are showing strongly their efforts ➜ reliability. Factory Solutions towards the environment and their responsibility in working Panasonic Energy (PEC) started its production of Panasonic with the essential raw material wood. PEFC means holistic batteries in 1931. Today PEC is the most diversified global Furthermore the majority of our factories is also certified to sustainability: an integrated concept which combines eco­ battery manufacturer with a network of 20 manufacturing OHSAS 18001 (Occupational Health and Safety Assessment logical, social and economical aspects. This Panasonic catalog companies in 14 countries. More than 16,000 employees are Series), an international standard for assessing a manage­ is printed in compliance with this paper standard. dedicated to the research and development of new batteries ment system for occupational safety. This confirms that our for a new world. factories have been proactive in putting the occupational health and safety of its staff at the centre of the com pany‘s dealings. In addition our VRLA batteries are for example approved to German VdS standard and U.S. UL standard. 2 3 ‘eCo ideAs’ strAtegY PAnAsoniC leAds tHe WAY … WitH ‘eCo ideAs’ ‘eCo ideAs’ For ‘eCo ideAs’ For ‘eCo ideAs’ For Pursuing coexistence with the global environment in its business vision, Panasonic places MAnuFACturing ProduCts everYbodY, reduction of the environmental impact in all its business activities as one of the important everYWHere themes in its mid­term management plan. In its ‘eco ideas’ Strategy, which focuses in particular on rapid implementation of measures to prevent global warming and global promotion of envi­ our Plans our Plans our Plans ronmental sustainability management, Panasonic is advancing three key initiatives: ‘eco ideas’ We will reduce CO emissions across all We will produce energy­efficient pro­ We will encourage the spread of environ­ 2 for Manufacturing, ‘eco ideas’ for Products, and ‘eco ideas’ for Everybody, Everywhere. our manufacturing sites. ducts. mental activities throughout the world. our goals our goals our goals In each of our factories a CO emissions In March 2010 at least 20 products with Intensive commitment on the part of the 2 of 10% reduction till 2010. the ‘Superior Green Products‘ classifi­ company owners, international coopera­ cation should be available. tions and involvement of the employees. our Measures Our factories are evaluated with regard to our Measures our Measures CO emission, waste disposal, recycling The developers at Panasonic carry out Not only do we sponsor the work of the 2 measures as well as chemical and water an environmental impact assessment WWF for the Arctic, Panasonic has also consumption within the scope of the for all our products. Products that meet launched a couple of other environmen­ ‘Clean Factory’ program and they are set the highest environmental requirements tal initiatives such as the ECO RELAY ini­ performance targets according to these in the branch with regard to conservation tiative in which hundreds of colleagues indicators. of energy and energy efficiency are the world over take part voluntarily for tHe PAnAsoniC ‘eCo ideAs’ House classified as a ‘Superior Green Product’ several days in environmental campaigns. We are approaching a global turning The concept of this ‘eco ideas’ House example and awarded the Panasonic logo ‘eco corner and it would not be an ex ag­ can be decribed as follows: The Wakayama Plant of the Energy Com­ example ideas’. geration to call it the ‘Environmental 1. Virtually zero CO emissions in an pany is strengthening its management With the support of the GRS Batterien 2 Industrial Revolution’. Based on this entire house envisaged in three to five structure to cut CO emissions from the example (German Battery Recycling Association) 2 rec og nition, Panasonic has built an years into the future main production bases for Lithium­Ion We have dispensed with the use of Panasonic arranged a battery collection ‘eco ideas’ House on the premise of our 2. Synergy of technology and nature batteries, which are a core component of highly toxic Lithium Thionyl Chloride in day with the aim of collecting as many of showroom, Panasonic Center Tokyo in Aforementioned concepts shows that Panasonic’s energy business. As a result, the production of our Lithium batteries. these spent energy sources as possible April 2009 in order to help create a Panasonic is not only aware of it´s en vi­ it has succeeded in roughly halving CO This is quite rightly classified as highly and giving out information about the 2 carbon­free society and reduce CO ron mental responsibility moreover this emissions per production unit, as well as toxic and should never under any cir­ recycling loop of batteries from which 2 emissions from a household sector. Panasonic takes action. sharply curbing an increase in CO emis­ cumstances be released into the envi­ valuable raw materials such as Zinc, 2 sions even as production has expanded. ronment. Manganese and Iron can be recovered. 4 4 5 index eleCtro - CHeMiCAl desCriPtion 2 the negative electrode or anode is composed of zinc powder the battery can is made of nickel plated steel and serves as 1 | Introduction page 6 in the shape of a mixed gel. The quality of the zinc powder and holder for the battery, but also serves as cathode collector. 2 | Electro­chemical description page 7 the size of the particles are carefully controlled to ensure a Panasonic controls thoroughly it’s own in­house produced good and wide surface area during the chemical reaction, steel cans to provide thin but strong containers for it’s 3 | Contruction page 8 ­ 9 thus lowering the internal resistance which is important in batteries to hold maximum volumes of active material in a 4 | Performance page 10 ­ 11 case of high drain discharges. Because it’s the zinc which is safe and reliable way. 5 | Applications page 11 giving up electrons, thus creating a flow of electrical current, the anode is also the “capacity determining element”. A brass nail connected to the bottomplate serves as anode 6 | Individual Data Sheets page 12 ­ 21 collector. Exact size of this nail (length as well as thick­ 7 | Battery Standards page 22 the positive electrode or cathode is made of manganese ness) is also important to ensure the proper functioning and dioxide and is produced in the shape of tablets where graphite reliability of the battery. 8 | Advice page 22 and electrolyte (and some small quantities of other additives) 9 | Product Safety Data Sheets (PSDS) page 23 ­ 24 are added for a better conductivity. This material is generated A moulded nylon seal connected to the brass nail serves through an electrolytical process, ensuring the purity and as a seal with an integrated safety venting mechanism. 10 | Environment page 25 richness of oxygen. This vent assures the safe and controlled release of any 11 | Panasonic Standards page 25 excessive gas which could be generated by improper use 12 | Packaging page 26 of the battery (e.g. short circuiting, over heating, throwing in a fire, over charging or incorrect insertion polarity wise). Once the vent has opened, it will not close again and besides the escaping gas there is always the risk + that a certain volume of theelectrolyte will leak as well. o2 1 introduCtion A non-conductive label provides the opportunity of cosmetic design on the batteries. The label also functions as an isolator the electrolyte is a potassium hydroxide solution, which between the large positive area of the steelcan and the nega­ In this booklet we will describe the alkaline manganese batteries, which are basically made is alkaline (basic) and is present in the anode, cathode and tive area of the bottom plate to avoid external short circuit. from the same basic materials as normal carbon­zinc batteries, but offer higher capacity separator (as all three are of porous nature) to assure high and high drain performance, longer shelf life, better leakage resistance and superior low conductivity during discharge. struCture oF AlkAline industriAl temperature behaviour. bAtteries the separator paper divides the positive and negative parts of the battery to prevent internal short circuit and immediate the cylindrical alkaline battery is composed of manganese The actual electrical current is generated through an outside loss of energy. The separator paper is made of a special dioxide (+), zinc powder (­) and caustic alkali (Potassium flow of electrons coming from the anode (zinc), passing through selected material, which prevents anode particles from hydroxide) as electrolyte. These alkaline batteries have a the attached load and flowing back into the battery at the migrating inside the battery and causing self discharge. higher energy output than zinc carbon batteries, a longer cathode (from the can into the manganese dioxide). shelf life and better leakage resistance due to the use of purest materials to minimize self discharge. Their perform­ ance in terms of low temperature performance is much better too than zinc carbon batteries. 2 electrons on outer layer are [ given up by the zinc atoms 6 7 3 ConstruCtion ConstruCtion 3 AsseMbling lr6 CAn ProduCtion ProCedure Battery assembling 1. 2. 3. 4. Steel can production 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. seperator and bottom 1. Cup making insulator insert 2. Can drawing 2. electrolyte pouring 3. Can trimming 3. gelled-anode (negative pole) pouring 4. Washing and carbon coating 4. Collector insert and can curling FinisHing lr6 PArts Assembling battery components 1. 2. Battery finishing 1. 2. 1. Collector unit 1. labeling ● bottomplate ● Washer 2. Final check on volt, amperage, ● PY seal leakage and appearance ● nail 2. Contactstrips 6lr61 ● lead A ● lead b ● snap 6lr61 CAtHode unit lr6 Mixtablets (+) pressing 1. 2. 3. 1. Manganesedioxide-carbon tablet pressing (positive pole) 2. tablet inserting and pressing 3. Can grooving 8 9 4 PerForMAnCe PerForMAnCe 4 A. voltAge And CAPACitY Some batteries, like the 9 volt alkaline battery, aredesigned C. sHelF liFe with 6 cylindrical batteries in series and are spotwelded Voltage of alkaline batteries usually ranges between 1.55 and together in order to assure a reliable performance during Shelf life is the ability of batteries to keep more or less the Capacity loss estimation at low­medium drain 1.65 Volt (open circuit voltage (OCV)), whereas 1.5 is consi­ discharge. same performance over a certain period in time. Alkaline % de red to be the nominal voltage. The speed of voltage batteries nowadays carry a freshness date of about 5 years 120 drop during use is determined by the type of appliance temperature is also important to determine the capacity and from the moment of production. This means that service 100 and the load (drain) which is put onto the battery. performance of a battery. Alkaline batteries are best suited life on a specific discharge compared to a fresh battery 80 to be used in temperature ranges from –10°C to +45°C. In of the same generation is expected to be over 70% versus 60 Measuring the OCV of a battery is giving only a very rough and some cases the batteries can be reliable to deliver small initial capacity testing. (If the necessary precautions have 40 highly inefficient idea of battery capacity and/or freshness. currents at lower or higher temperatures as well, but this been taken in order to store the batteries in an acceptable 20 The CCV (closed circuit voltage) where for a few seconds a should be suspect to individual and careful testing. At higher and controlled environment with regard to constant 0 Fresh 1 Year 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years 5 Years 6 Years 7 Years Medium drain load (depending on battery size) is put on the battery is giving temperatures the internal resistance of the battery will temperature and humidity.) a much better view on the status of the measured battery. (If increase at a lesser speed, which will provide a better high the voltage is still close to 1.5 the battery is still in relatively drain performance. The shelf life will be influenced by temperature, humidity and 20°C 30°C fresh condition, if the voltage is closer to 1.0 V, the battery is internal construction: almost at the end of it’s useful life.) b. disCHArge tYPes High temperature & high humidity will speed up the degrada­ Capacity loss estimation at high drain Every kind of appliance needs a minimum voltage to operate As different ways of discharge we mainly consider: tion of chemicals which will lead to greater capacity loss at % and the level at which the appliance will stop is usually shorter time. 120 refered to as the “cut off voltage”. Even if several batteries are Constant resistance (b) Poor quality internal construction might also influence the 100 needed to operate an appliance, for battery test purposes the The appliance keeps it’s resistance constant in Ohm degradation of chemicals, but mainly as a potential risk for 80 cut off voltage will be translated as cut off voltage per cell. internal short circuit and leakage over time. 60 (Example: a portable CD player which uses 2 cells and needs Constant current (A) Another, yet more unpredictable factor is the way in which 40 min. 2 volts to operate, so we will say the cut off voltage is The appliance keeps running on constant drain in A or mA the electrolyte might cause to deteriorate over time the 20 1.0 V per cell.) non­metallic parts inside the battery and result in leakage. Fresh 1 Year 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years 5 Years 6 Years 7 Years 0 High drain Constant Power (W) Though, there is a very little chance of this happening, it is the capacity of a battery is usually expressed in mAh (milli As the power should remain constant, the drain in Ampère always recommended to use up alkaline batteries within the Ampere hour), whereas the actual drain in combination with will increase gradually during discharge as the voltage will first half of the expected shelf life. 20°C 30°C the cut off voltage will determine the capacity in mAh for each decrease. individual use or appliance. It is not as simple as giving only 1 figure to know the actual capacity and/or behaviour of a Power (Watt) = Current (A) x voltage (v) APPliCAtions 5 battery for different ways of discharge. In order to have a clear view on battery capacity, one should give specific For this kind of discharge the increasing internal parameters at which the batteries can be tested or have a resistance towards the end of useful battery life will also Various applications can be powered such as: wider range of different discharge conditions to view the largely determine the actual useful capacity of the batteries. behaviour of battery performance. Total capacity will of course also be strongly influenced by Panasonic offers a comprehensive family of Alkaline batteries. - Smoke detectors - Scales the cut off voltage. This extensive range of products ensures power solutions for - Marine devices - Handheld Meters Maximum battery capacity is limited by the weight and nearly all battery requirements. Whenever your portable device - Medical torches - Gas meter devices volume of the two main raw materials: zinc and manganese The various discharge ways (continuous or intermittent) and needs power, You can rely on our high quality battery technology - Blood pressure measurements - Seismic sensors dioxide. Therefore an LR20 battery will last much longer loads (light or heavy) determine in a large way the actual solutions. - Portable audio devices - Sanitary devices than an LR6 battery just because there is much more active performance one can draw out of a battery. - High energy flashlights - Home monitoring material inside. - Door lock systems - Two way radio etc. 10 11 6 individuAl dAtA sHeets individuAl dAtA sHeets 6 lr03Ad PoWerline lr03Ad PoWerline – tYPiCAl disCHArge vAlues v liF 4m/h 8h/d 5,1ohm end 0,9v v Fotoflash 10s/m 1h/d 600mA end 0,9v 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 0,900 0,900 0 50 100 150 200 250 min 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 pulses v remote Control 15s/m 8h/d 24ohm end 1,0v v recorder 1h/d 10ohm end 0,9v 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,300 diMensions 1,200 1,200 ieC dimensions (mm) 1,100 Max Min dimension 1,100 1,000 44.5 A 1,000 0,900 b 43.3 0 5 10 15 20 25 hrs 0 2 4 6 8 10 hrs C 4.3 e 0.5 F 3.8 v radio 4h/d 75ohm end 0,9v 1,600 0.8 g 1,500 Ø 10.5 9.5 1,400 1,300 sPeCiFiCAtions 1,200 name lr03 / s / AAA / AM4 / MiCro / Mn2400 / 24A / 24AC 1,100 Made in Belgium 1,000 type Alkaline Foil 0,900 nominal voltage 1.5 Volt 0 20 40 60 80 hrs electrolyte Potassium Hydroxide Average weight 11.2 g storage temperature range +10°C ~ + 25°C operating temperature range –20°C ~ + 45°C Average impedance +/– 135 m­Ohm @ 1kHz fresh Heavy metals No added mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) or Lead (Pb) Compliant to IEC 60086 non dangerous goods regulation Nordic ecolabeling (white Swan) The information herein is believed to be correct. However no warranty is made, either expressed or implied regarding the accuracy of the results to be obtained from EC directive 91/157EC & 98/101EC the use of such information. Test results are strictly according to IEC conditions. Capacities of batteries are depending on drain, temperature and cut­off voltage. recommended cut off voltage 0,8V per cell Data are subject to change. 12 13 6 individuAl dAtA sHeets individuAl dAtA sHeets 6 lr6Ad PoWerline lr6Ad PoWerline – tYPiCAl disCHArge vAlues v recorder 1h/d 10ohm end 0,9v v radio 4h/d 43ohm end 0,9v 1,6 1,6 1,5 1,5 1,4 1,4 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,2 1,1 1,1 1,0 1,0 0,9 0,9 0 20 40 60 80 100 hrs 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 hrs v Motor 1h/d 3,9ohm end 0,8v v remote Control 15s/m 8h/d 24ohm end 1,0v 1,6 1,6 1,5 1,5 1,4 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,3 1,1 diMensions 1,2 1,0 ieC dimensions (mm) 1,1 0,9 Max Min dimension 0,8 1,0 50.5 A 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hrs 0 10 20 30 40 50 hrs b 49.2 C 7.0 v Fotoflash 10s/m 1h/d 1000mA end 0,9v v Cd/Md 1h/d 250mA end 0,9v e 0.5 1,6 1,6 F 5.5 1,5 1,5 1.0 g 1,4 1,4 Ø 14.5 13.5 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,2 1,1 1,1 sPeCiFiCAtions 1,0 1,0 name lr6 / M / AA / AM3 / Mignon / Mn1500 / 15A / 15AC 0,9 0,9 Made in Belgium 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 pulses 0 2 4 6 8 hrs type Alkaline Foil nominal voltage 1.5 Volt dsC 10 x (2s 1,5W/28s 0,65W) v 5min on/55min off, 24h/d end 1,05v electrolyte Potassium Hydroxide Average weight 23.3 g 1,55 storage temperature range +10°C ~ + 25°C 1,45 operating temperature range –20°C ~ + 45°C Average impedance +/– 105 m­Ohm @ 1kHz fresh 1,35 Heavy metals No added mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) or Lead (Pb) 1,25 Compliant to IEC 60086 The information herein is believed to be correct. However no warranty is 1,15 non dangerous goods regulation made, either expressed or implied regarding the accuracy of the results to be obtained from the use of such information.Test results are strictly Nordic ecolabeling (white Swan) 1,05 according to IEC conditions. Capacities of batteries are depending on 0 20 40 60 80 90 100 pulses EC directive 91/157EC & 98/101EC drain, temperature and cut­off voltage. Data are subject to change. recommended cut off voltage 0,8V per cell 14 15 6 individuAl dAtA sHeets individuAl dAtA sHeets 6 lr14Ad PoWerline lr14Ad PoWerline – tYPiCAl disCHArge vAlues v stereo 2h/d 400mA end 0,9v v liF 4m/h 24h/d 3,9ohm end 0,9v 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 0,900 0,900 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 min 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 hrs v Motor 1h/d 3,9ohm end 0,8v v radio 4h/d 20ohm end 0,9v 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,300 1,200 1,200 diMensions 1,100 1,100 ieC dimensions (mm) 1,000 0,900 1,000 Max Min dimension 0,800 50.0 0,900 A 0 5 10 15 20 25 hrs 0 25 50 75 100 125 hrs b 48.6 C 13.0 e 0.9 F 7.5 1.5 g Ø 26.2 24.9 sPeCiFiCAtions name lr14 / l / C / AM2 / bAbY / Mn1400 / 14A / 14AC Made in Belgium type Alkaline Foil nominal voltage 1.5 Volt electrolyte Potassium Hydroxide Average weight 69.5 g storage temperature range +10°C ~ + 25°C operating temperature range –20°C ~ + 45°C Average impedance +/– 100 m­Ohm @ 1kHz fresh Heavy metals No added mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) or Lead (Pb) Compliant to IEC 60086 non dangerous goods regulation Nordic ecolabeling (white Swan) The information herein is believed to be correct. However no warranty is made, either expressed or implied regarding the accuracy of the results to be obtained from EC directive 91/157EC & 98/101EC the use of such information. Test results are strictly according to IEC conditions. Capacities of batteries are depending on drain, temperature and cut­off voltage. recommended cut off voltage 0,8V per cell Data are subject to change. 16 17 6 individuAl dAtA sHeets individuAl dAtA sHeets 6 lr20Ad PoWerline lr20Ad PoWerline – tYPiCAl disCHArge vAlues v Motor 1h/d 2,2ohm end 0,8v v stereo 2h/d 600mA end 0,9v 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 0,900 0,800 0,900 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 hrs 0 5 10 15 20 hrs v radio 4h/d 10ohm end 0,9v v liF 4m/h 24h/d 2,2ohm end 0,9v 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,300 diMensions 1,200 1,200 ieC dimensions (mm) 1,100 1,100 Max Min dimension 1,000 1,000 61.5 A 0,900 0,900 b 59.5 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 hrs 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 min C 18.0 e 1.0 F 9.5 v HiF 4m/15m 8h/d 1,5ohm end 0,9v 1.5 g 1,600 Ø 34.2 32.3 1,500 1,400 1,300 sPeCiFiCAtions 1,200 name lr20 / xl / d / AM1 / Mono / Mn1300 / 13A / 13AC 1,100 Made in Belgium 1,000 type Alkaline Foil nominal voltage 1.5 Volt 0,900 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 min electrolyte Potassium Hydroxide Average weight 142.7 g storage temperature range +10°C ~ + 25°C operating temperature range –20°C ~ + 45°C Average impedance +/– 90 m­Ohm @ 1kHz fresh Heavy metals No added mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) or Lead (Pb) Compliant to IEC 60086 non dangerous goods regulation Nordic ecolabeling (white Swan) The information herein is believed to be correct. However no warranty is made, either expressed or implied regarding the accuracy of the results to be obtained from EC directive 91/157EC & 98/101EC the use of such information. Test results are strictly according to IEC conditions. Capacities of batteries are depending on drain, temperature and cut­off voltage. recommended cut off voltage 0,8V per cell Data are subject to change. 18 19 6 individuAl dAtA sHeets individuAl dAtA sHeets 6 6lr61Ad PoWerline 6lr61Ad PoWerline – tYPiCAl disCHArge vAlues v radio 2h/d 620ohm end 5,4v v toy 1h/d 270ohm end 5,4v 9,9 9,9 9,4 9,4 8,9 8,9 8,4 8,4 7,9 7,9 7,4 7,4 6,9 6,9 6,4 6,4 5,9 5,9 5.4 5.4 0 15 30 45 60 hrs 0 6 12 18 24 hrs v smoke 620ohm + kohm 1s/h + 24h/d end 7,5v 10 9,5 9,0 diMensions 8,5 ieC dimensions (mm) 8,0 Max Min dimension 48.5 46.5 A 7,5 0 5 10 15 20 25 days b 46.4 C 26.5 24.5 d 17.5 15.5 e 12.95 12.45 sPeCiFiCAtions name 9v / 6lr61 / 6AM6 / Mn1604 / 1604A / 1604AC Made in Belgium type Alkaline Foil nominal voltage 9 Volt electrolyte Potassium Hydroxide Average weight 44.3 g storage temperature range +10°C ~ + 25°C operating temperature range –20°C ~ + 45°C Average impedance +/– 2.3 Ohm @ 1kHz fresh Heavy metals No added mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) or Lead (Pb) Compliant to IEC 60086 non dangerous goods regulation Nordic ecolabeling (white Swan) The information herein is believed to be correct. However no warranty is made, either expressed or implied regarding the accuracy of the results to be obtained from EC directive 91/157EC & 98/101EC the use of such information. Test results are strictly according to IEC conditions. Capacities of batteries are depending on drain, temperature and cut­off voltage. recommended cut off voltage 4,8V per battery Data are subject to change. 20 21 7 bAtterY stAndArds ProduCt sAFetY dAtA sHeets 9 The denomination of the battery and the corresponding and certain battery brands. (depending if the manufacturer 1. identiFiCAtion max. sizes used to be decided by different organisations of the device used an actual battery – and which brand – Product name Powerline ­ alkaline primary battery type LR20A, LR14A, LR6A, LR03A, 6LR61A like the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) or based himself on the IEC standards). Also the voltage Manufacturer’s name PANASONIC Energy Belgium N.V. or the JIS (Japan Industrial Standard) but are now of a single alkaline battery is regulated by IEC to be in Address Havenlaan 6, B­3980 Tessenderlo, Belgium concentrated in the IEC (International Electrotechnical between 1.58 and 1.65V (OCV). Commission) standards. It is recommended to provide battery space & contacts in a 2. ingredients ieC lr20 lr14 lr6 lr03 6lr61 ingredient name Cas# % way that any IEC compliant battery can be used. ANSI D C AA AAA 9 V 1. Manganese dioxide 1313­13­9 25­45 JIS AM­1 AM­2 AM­3 AM­4 6AM­6 2. Zinc 7440­66­6 10­20 The IEC is also providing standard test criteria in order to 3. Potassium hydroxide 1310­58­3 3­9 With regard to the sizes, the manufacturers should make have a global platform for all manufacturers to compare 4. Zinc oxide 1314­13­2 0­1 sure that the dimensions of the different batteries stay their products. The actual tests and test methods are 5. Graphite 7782­42­5 1­4 within the limits of the specified size indications of the periodically discussed with all manufacturers represented on 6. Steel 7439­89­6 10­30 IEC. In some cases these limits are rather wide, which the IEC committee in order to review the criteria based on new can lead to non­conformity between certain devices appliances or new technologies. 3. HAzArd identiFiCAtion Critical hazards for human beings If battery starts leaking, exposure to causting ingredients is possible Critical hazards to environment Not applicable 8 AdviCe useful info Keep away from children 4. First Aid MeAsures Avoid skin and eye contact to avoid irritation and/or caustic burns/injury. storage conditions applianceregularly. Many appliances, even when turned off, If leakage from battery contacts skin or eyes, flush immediately with copious quantity of water. Alkaline batteries are best stored between +10 °C and still discharge the batteries with a small leak current and this If problems arise, contact a physician for medical attention (escpecially in case of eyes!). +20 °C in order to obtain maximum shelf life. Storage at might lead to an overdischarge situation. Ingestion is unlikely due to size of batteries, but in case it happens, a physician should be contacted at once lower temperatures will not harm the performance, but the to avoid damage to intestines caused by the unnatural object. battery should slowly be brought to ambient temperature Overdischarge (< 0.6 Volt / cell) can lead to gas generation 5. Fire FigHting MetHods for optimal performance. Storage at high temperatu res and increase the volume of the manganese dioxide mass. Flash point (Method used) Not applicable (> 25 °C) can lead to accelerated deterioration of the These 2 effects combined can lead to internal pressure and Flammable limits LEL: not applicable ­ UEL: not applicable chemicals inside the batteryand eventually to leakage. result in vented batteries and leakage. Dry powder, carbon dioxide, foam, dry sand extinguishing media special fire fighting procedures Fire fighters should wear self­contained breathing apparatus when any fire. Charging of alkaline batteries to avoid overdischarge: unusual fire and explosion hazards Cells exposed to excessive heat, may cause electrolyte leakage or explosion Alkaline batteries are not designed to be recharged in any - As an appliance manufacturer, make sure your technical way. Any attempt to charge the alkaline batteries (on purpose design does not allow overdischarge of the batteries. 6. ACCidentAl releAse MeAsures or by accident) can deviate the normal chemical process, - As a user of electrical appliances, remove the batteries Personal: Safety officers should be notified in case of large spills. Caustic Potassium Hydroxide may come out from leaking batteries. Avoid contact to skin causing excessive gassing and even overheating and leaka­ if you do not intend to use the appliances for long periods and/or eyes. Increase ventilation. Personnel cleaning up should wear appropriate protective clothing and gloves. ge. Wrong insertion & reversing polarities can also charge unless you check them regularly. batteries, as well as mixing different brands, chemistries 7. HAndling And storAge or using old and new batteries together!! When changing the batteries, always change all of them at the Do not dissasemble, try to charge or throw in fire. same time. Do not mix brands or chemistries and be careful Do not short circuit or install with reverse polarity. battery usage and handling to respect polarities when inserting the new batteries!! Do not mix different battery systems, brands, or old and new batteries. Avoid having batteries inside certain appliances over long Do not remove battery label and do not carry them loose in pocket. periods (several months) without using or checking the Store at dry places and at room temperature. 22 23 9 ProduCt sAFetY dAtA sHeets environMent 10 Fully aware that humankind has a special responsibility to environmental policy Panasonic energy europe 8. exPosure Controls And PersonAl ProteCtion Self­contained breathing apparatus as any fire situation respiratory protection (specific type) respect and preserve the delicate balance of nature, we The policy of our company is to contribute to customers ventilation > local exhaust Not applicable at Panasonic acknowledge our obligation to maintain and worldwide with our products, with our high­quality and highly ventilation > Mechanical (general) Not applicable nurture the ecology of this planet. Accordingly, we pledge reliable technology. ventilation > specific Not applicable ourselves to the prudent, sustainable use of the Earth’s ventilation > others Not applicable ➜ resources and the protection of the natural environment Establish environmental management systems and pursue Protective gloves Not applicable while we strive to fulfill our corporate mission of contributing environmental preservation activities. Not applicable eye protection ➜ to enhanced prosperity for all. At Matsushita Battery Industrial Correctly understand the impact that company activities other protective clothing or equipment Not applicable Co., Ltd. by regarding “working in harmony with the global have on the environment and pursue unremitting environ­ environment”as a key management issue, each employee mental preservation activities which our technology and 9. PHYsiCAl And CHeMiCAl CHArACteristiCs will be encouraged to voluntarily promote environmental finances allow. Not applicable boiling point ➜ preservation activities in all business areas. Persue external auditing of our operation based on a ISO Not applicable vapor pressure (mm Hg) 14000 environmental management system. vapor density Not applicable ➜ specific gravity Not applicable Where applicable take action for resource and energy Melting point Not applicable conservation, recycling and waste reduction. evaporation rate (butyl acetate =1) Not applicable ➜ By offering environmental education and training to all Not applicable solubility in water employees, raise their awareness about environmental Encased cylindrical or rectangular shape Appearance preservation. 10. stAbilitY And reACtivitY stability Stable incompatibility (materials to avoid) Not applicable PAnAsoniC stAndArds 11 Hazardous decomposition of bY-products Oxides or fumes of Mn, Zn Hazardous polymerization Will not occur 11. toxologiCAl inForMAtion iso standards Not applicable to batteries as such: for detailled info on ingredients check nr. 2 PECBE produces LR20, LR14, LR6,LR03 and 6LR61 in Belgium and has following ISO certificates: 12. eCologiCAl inFo ISO 9001­2000 Not available ISO 14001 13. disPosAl ConsiderAtions ieC standards Batteries should be disposed of in accordance to local regulations. In case of doubt, contact your local Panasonic office to ask information. Avoid heating/burning in Our batteries comply with following international standards: order to avoid explosion at exposure to excessive temperatures. A IEC 60086­1 / IEC60086­2 / IEC60086­5 ANSI C18.1M 14. trAnsPort inFo These are ”Batteries dry“ and are not considered to be a „hazardous material“ per U.S. DOT (department of transportation regulations) or a ”dangerous goods“ per IATA (International Air Transport Association Regulations). 15. regulAtorY inFo none eC labeling risk Phrase none safety Phrase none 24 25 12 12 AlkAline PACkAging Panasonic offers you a diversified range of standard packaging solutions for Alkaline batteries. Besides we are also able to offer tailor­made packaging. Please don´t hesitate to contact us for your specific packaging requests. Bulk (pizza-box) Model number Size Packaging Packaging description psc/box pcs/bundle psc/pallet LR20 LR20AD/B bulk (pizza­box) D 85 85 6,120 LR14 C LR14AD/B bulk (pizza­box) 80 80 11,520 LR6 AA LR6AD/B bulk (pizza­box) 500 500 36,000 LR03 AAA LR03AD/B bulk (pizza­box) 500 500 72,000 6LR61 9V 6LR61AD/B bulk (pizza­box) 198 198 14,256 Small Box Model number Size Packaging Packaging description psc/box pcs/bundle psc/pallet LR20 D LR20AD/4P 4­shrink 24 120 5,760 LR14 C LR14AD/4P 4­shrink 24 120 10,560 LR6 AA LR6AD/4P 4­shrink 48 240 34,560 LR03 AAA LR03AD/4P 4­shrink 48 240 49,920 6LR61 6LR61AD/1P 1­shrink 9V 12 60 11,520 Big Box Model number Packaging Packaging description Size psc/box pcs/bundle psc/pallet (unsorted packed in LR6 AA LR6AD/2P 2­shrink 200 200 20,000 carton box) (unsorted packed in LR6 AA LR6AD/3P 3­shrink 600 600 28,800 carton box) (unsorted packed in LR03 AAA LR03AD/2P 2­shrink 500 500 50,000 carton box) (unsorted packed in LR03 AAA LR03AD/3P 3­shrink 450 450 45,000 carton box) tailor-made packaging: If you have any further packaging wish such as particular carton boxes etc. it needs a reasona­ ble quantity of battery demand. And it will take a certain time to evaluate the production procedure. 26 literAture And generAl ProduCt inForMAtion united kingdom/ireland France Panasonic Industrial Europe GmbH Panasonic France S.A.S Willoughby Road 1 – 3 Avenue François Mitterrand Bracknell Berkshire 93218 Saint­Denis La Plaine, Cedex RG12 8FP France England Phone: +33 1 ­ 55 93 67 18 Phone: +44 1344 ­ 85 32 60 Fax: +33 1 ­ 55 93 67 90 Fax: +44 1344 ­ 85 33 13 germany italy (all other european countries) Panasonic Italia S.p.A. Panasonic Industrial Europe GmbH Via Lucini 19 Winsbergring 15 20125 Milano 22525 Hamburg Italy Germany Phone: +39 02 ­ 6788 ­ 232 Phone: +49 40 ­ 85 386 ­ 157 Fax: +39 02 ­ 6788 ­ 207 Fax: +49 40 ­ 85 386 ­ 238 spain/Portugal e-mail and Website for all countries Panasonic Industrial Europe GmbH battery­solutions eu.panasonic.com @ Sucursal en España http://industrial.panasonic.com/eu Parque Empresarial @ Sant Cugat, Via Augusta 15­25 Edificio B2 Planta 4 Oficina 17 08174 Sant Cugat del Vales Barcelona Spain Phone: +34 93 ­ 504 30 10 Fax: +34 93 ­ 675 58 92 notice to readers It is the responsibility of each user to ensure that every battery application is adequately designed safe and compatible with all conditions encountered during use, and in conformance with existing standards and requirements. This literature contains information concerning cells and batteries manufac tured by Panasonic Corporation. This information is generally descriptive only and is not intended to make or imply any representation, guarantee or warranty with respect to any cells and batteries. Cell and battery designs are subject to modification without notice. This catalog has been produced using unchl o ri nated and PEFC certified paper. For more details please contact: Panasonic is a registered trademark of Panasonic Corporation. Printed in Germany. © Panasonic Corporation PANA/HB­ALKALINE/B