Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 ‰ 144 x 40 High Brightness Dot Graphic Display The module includes the VFD glass, VF drivers and micro- ‰ Single 5V DC Supply controller, character generation, interface logic and transformer- ‰ 4 ASCII Fonts ( 5x5, 5x7, 10x14, 7x15 ) less DC/DC converter. The interface type is selected by a push ‰ Asynchronous, SPI, I2C & Parallel interfaces button on the back of the module. Auto key scanning and general ‰ 8 User I/O Pins with Key Scanning Capability I/O are available on port PA0 – PA7 for user control. CON1 CON2 CON1 Pin 1 Pin Async SPI I2C Pin Signal 2.5∅ x 4 1 5V 5V 5V 1 0V 2 Nc SCK Nc 2 ENABLE 3 RXD /SS SCL 3 PA0 4 Nc SIN Nc 4 PA1 15.85 27.5 33.5 5 0V 0V 0V 5 PA2 6 Nc SOUT Nc 6 PA3 7 TXD /IRQ SDA 7 PA4 8 /RES /RES /RES 8 PA5 1 9 MB MB MB 9 PA6 CON2 9.5 3.0 17.55 57.45 10 HB HB HB 10 PA7 92.0 1.5 Nc = Do Not Connect 95.0 Dimensions in mm & subject to tolerances. 6.6 Uses patent applied PSU which has no inductive components. Brown out detector active when RES is not connected. 1.6 2.4 CHARACTER SETS MINI FONT (PROPORTIONAL SPACING) ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION Parameter Sym Min Typ Max Unit Condition Supply Voltage Vcc 4.5 5.0 5.25 V VSS=0V Supply Current Icc - 380 - mA Vcc=5V All dots Logic High Input VIH 3.0 - Vcc V VCC=5V Logic Low Input VIL -0.5 - 1.5 V VCC=5V Logic High Output VOH 4.2 - - V IOH = -3mA Vcc=5V 5x7, 7x15 & 10x14 FONTS (FIXED SPACING) Logic Low Output VOL - - 0.6 V IOL = 20mA ENVIRONMENTAL and OPTICAL SPECIFICATION Parameter Value Display Area (XxY mm) 57.45 x 15.85 Dot Size/Pitch (XxY mm) 0.25 x 0.25 / 0.4 x 0.4 2 Luminance 1100 cd/m Typ Colour of Illumination Blue-Green (Filter for colours) Operating Temperature -40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature -40°C to +85°C Operating Humidity (non condensing) 10 to 90% @ 25°C SOFTWARE COMMAND SUMMARY Command Type Description Cursor Move ASCII commands for Back Space, Horizontal Tab, Line Feed, Home, Vertical Tab, Carriage Return and Cursor Position Character Write Display a character from the selected font and increments the cursor according to the write mode. Graphic Write Write graphical data directly to a display area in either orientation. It is important to disable Hex receive mode. Set or clear individual pixels. The module defaults to an 8 line of 21 character display using Macro Write Store combinations of commands and data in up to 8 macros to reduce the 5x7 font with single pixel spacing. The cursor position host communication time. Macro 0 operates at power on. auto increments after each character write. The bottom left of Area Control Set, clear, invert and outline an area of the display for easy creation of a character is placed at the cursor x,y. The M(odule) Busy highlights and menu screens. line indicates the module is busy when low. Connect the Window Control Pre-define 2 areas of the display as windows in which commands and H(ost) Busy input to the MBusy to disable handshaking. Use data for scroll, flash, wipe and pattern are active. the rear SMT button to select the configuration which is then Scroll Vertically or horizontally scroll data in either direction within an area stored in EEPROM. To send commands as hexadecimal, prefix the 2 bytes using character 60H. defined by window 1. Space padding, speed and repeat options. Example: `10`3F`01 = Position dot x=64 y=1. To send Flash / Wipe Flash selected window’s contents. / Perform a wipe action on the character 60H to the display, send 60H twice. selected window with predefined user patterns / wallpaper. Please note that the module defaults to HEX Receive Font Select Select proportional mini font, fixed spaced 5x7 font, fixed spaced 10x14 Mode. font. Use the extended font command for 7x15 font or advanced settings. Key Scan Set I/O port to key scanning. The I/O ports are continuously scanned for CONTACT Subject to change any key press and the connectivity data output to the serial port. Noritake Sales O ffice Tel Nos without notice. I/O Port Set I/O port direction. A ‘1’ indicates an input, a ‘0’ indicates an output. All Nagoya Japan: +81 (0)52-561-9867 Software command output lines are immediately set low. Canada: +1-416-291-2946 syntax and port pin Chicago USA: +1-847-439-9020 Brightness Set the display brightness. Level = F8H - FFH. F8H = display off. F9H = out Copyright 2006 Munchen (D): +49 (0)89-3214-290 minimum, FFH = maximum (default). Auto-fade to a defined level. Itron UK: +44 (0)1493 601144 Noritake Co. Limited Rest Europe: +49 (0)61-0520-9220 Power On/Off Turn on VFD power supply (default)/Turn off VFD power supply (display’s . www.noritake-itron.com contents will be preserved). Current consumption is about 25mA. Doc Ref: 10733 Iss.2 Set Up Display Set the serial communication interface. Clear or reset the display. Lock or 17 Jan 08 unlock the EEPROM for macros and setup configuration. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 SOFTWARE COMMANDS Instruction Data Format Description Macro Start 01H - 07H Start user defined macro 1-7. (BUSY time depends on contents) Back Space 08H Non destructive backspace. Cursor is moved left by the width of the currently select font. If the cursor is at the (50µs) left end of the display, no cursor movement is made. Horizontal Tab 09H Cursor is moved right by the width of the currently select font. If the cursor is at the end of the display, no (50µs) cursor movement is made. Line Feed 0AH Moves the cursor down by the height of the currently selected font. If the cursor is at the bottom of the display, (50us) no cursor movement is made. Home 0BH Moves the cursor horizontal position to 00H, the vertical positioning is dependent on the currently selected (50us) font, allowing for immediate character writing in the top-left corner of the display. Vertical Tab 0CH Moves the cursor up one character row. If the cursor is at the top of the top end of the display, no cursor (50us) movement is made. Carriage Return 0DH Moves the cursor horizontal position to 00H. The vertical position is unchanged. (50us) Clear EOL 0EH Clear all characters from the current cursor position to the end of the display. (2.5ms) Test 0FH Place module into self-test mode. The module will repetitively show a few test screens. The test mode will (50µs) stop on the next received byte. Cursor Position 10H + xpos + ypos Set the cursor position. (50us) Set Area 11H + xleft + ytop + xright + ybot Fill specified area. All dots within the specified area are illuminated. Please note that the cursor position is (50us + 1ms [last byte]) affected with this command. Clear Area 12H + xleft + ytop + xright + ybot Clear specified area. All dots within the specified area are cleared. Please note that the cursor position is (50us + 1ms [last byte]) affected with this command. Invert Area 13H + xleft + ytop + xright + ybot Invert specified area. All dots within the specified area are inverted. Please note that the cursor position is (50us + 1ms [last byte]) affected with this command. Set Outline 14H + xleft + ytop + xright + ybot Draw box outline. All dots within the specified outline are unchanged. Please note that the cursor position is (50us + 1ms [last byte]) affected with this command. Clear Outline 15H + xleft + ytop + xright + ybot Clear box outline. All dots within the specified outline are unchanged. Please note that the cursor position is (50us + 1ms [last byte]) affected with this command. Set Pixel 16H Illuminate a single pixel at the current cursor position. (50us) Clear Pixel 17H Clear a single pixel at the current cursor position. (50us) Graphic Write 18H + len + data Write graphical data, length len, direct to display. See write mode command (1AH) for graphic orientation and (50us + 250us [each data byte]) cursor movements. Reset 19H Resets display to power-on defaults: - Display is cleared. 5x7 font selected. Write Mode = 00H (500us) Brightness Level = 7. VFD Power = On. Write Mode 1AH + data Bit 7 = graphic data orientation - 0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical (default = horizontal) (50us) Bit 6 = cursor movement - 0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical (default = horizontal) Bit 5 = cursor direction - 0 = forward, 1 = backwards (default = forwards) Bit 4 = underscore cursor - 0 = off, 1 = on (default = off) Bit 3 = underscore cursor - 0 = static, 1 = flash (default = static) Bit 1/0 = pen type - 00 = overwrite, 01 = AND, 02 = OR, 03 = XOR (default = overwrite) Set Macro 1BH + macro + len + data Send macro data to EEPROM. macro = 00H - 07H. Macro0 is executed at power-up only. A maximum of 480 (50us) bytes is allowed for macro data. The display may flicker whilst writing macro data. Brightness 1BH + level Set the display brightness. level = F8H - FFH. F8H = display off. F9H = minimum, FFH = maximum (default). (50us) Erase Macros 1BH + 4DH Clear all downloaded macros in EEPROM. Screen may blank momentarily while macro data is being erased. (250ms) Lock/Unlock EEPROM 1BH + 4CH / 55H All data contained within the non-volatile EEPROM is locked (4CH), and no changes are possible until the (50us + 40ms [last byte]) unlock command (55H) is executed. Checksum 1BH + 43H All data received is added to the checksum. This command will read the lower 8-bits of that checksum, before (50us) being cleared. Please note that the checksum is cleared when executing the test mode. Power On/Off 1BH + 50H / 46H 50H = Turn on VFD power supply (default). (50us) 46H = Turn off VFD power supply, display’s contents will be preserved. Hex/Binary Mode 1BH + 48H / 42H 48H = Enable hex receive mode, character 60H is interpreted as a hexadecimal prefix. (50us) 42H = Disable hex receive mode. Hex mode is enabled at power up. Set Serial Comms 1BH + 49H + comms Set Asynchronous Communications. Takes affect at power-up or hardware reset. Bit 7 = Automatic I/O Send On(1)/Off(0). Bit 6 = Packet Mode On(1)/Off(0). Bit 5 = Communications Buffer On(1)/Off(0). Bit 2 = Parity Even(1)/None(0). Bit 3/1/0 baud rate: - 000 = 4800 001 = 9600 010 = 19200 011 = 38400 100 = 57600 101 = 76800 110 = 1200 111 = 2400 Factory Default = 19200 with no parity, auto I/O send is off, packet mode off, buffer = off. Enable I/O Port 1BH + 44H + data Set I/O port direction. A ‘1’ indicates an input, a ‘0’ an output. All output lines are immediately set low. All input (50us + 80ms[last byte]) lines have their pull-ups enabled. This value is stored in EEPROM and will automatically be set at power up. Set Port Lines 1BH + 4FH + data Set Output lines on I/O port, a ‘1’ will set 5V on the output ports, or enable the pull-ups on the inputs. (50us) Read Port 1BH + 52H Read current I/O port status. A single byte is transmitted showing the current state of the I/O lines. (50us) Enable Key Scanning 1BH + 4BH Set I/O port to key scanning. The I/O ports are continuously scanned for any key press. This mode is stored in (50us + 40ms[last byte]) EEPROM and will automatically be selected at power up. Select Font (50us) 1CH / 1DH / 1EH Select font. 1CH = proportional mini font. 1DH= fixed spaced 5x7 font. 1E = fixed spaced 10x14 font. Graphic Area Write 1FH + xl + yt + xr + yb + data Write graphic data within defined area. See write mode command (1AH) for graphic orientation and cursor (50us + 250us [each data byte]) movements. Note: This command is available on software version 3 only. Press setup button to view. Hex Prefix 60H + dhH + dlH Write to the display module using a 2-byte hexadecimal number. dhH = high nibble, dlH = low nibble. E.g. (50µs + 50us + command BUSY) Sending `19 will reset the display. Character Write (500us) 20H - FFH Display character from selected font. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 Window 1 Select (50us) 1BH + 80H Select window 1 so that window and area command functions operate on the underlying data or text scroll. Window 2 Select (50us) 1BH + 81H Select window 2 so that window and area command functions operate on the underlying data. Window Define 1BH + 82H +xl+yt+xr+yb Define window co-ordinates. (50us + 60us[last byte]) Window Mode (50us) 1BH + 83H + mode Set window mode: - 00H = Invert, 01H = Clear, 02H = Fill, 03H = Pattern. Window Show (50us) 1BH + 84H Make selected window visible. Window Flash 1BH + 86H + no Flash selected window’s underlying data. (50us) Flash type depends on window’s write mode. no = number of flashes. FFH = infinite, 00H = stop flashing. Window Flash Speed 1BH + 87H + speed Set flash rate of selected window: - (50us) 0 = ~15ms 1 = ~30ms 2 = ~45ms 3 = ~100ms 4 = ~150ms 5 = ~200ms 6 = ~250ms 7 = ~350ms 8 = ~500ms 9 = ~750ms 10 = ~1.0sec 11 = ~1.5sec 11 = ~2.0sec 13 = ~2.5sec 14 = ~3.0sec 15 = ~3.5sec Speed bits 4-7 = flash on duration, bits 0-3 = flash off duration. Default speed = 88H (500ms on, 500ms off). Window Wipe Effect 1BH + 88H + wipe Perform a wipe action on the selected window’s underlying data: - (50us) 00H = left to right cover 01H = right to left cover 02H = top to bottom cover 03H = bottom to top cover 04H = left to right uncover 05H = right to left uncover 06H = top to bottom uncover 07H = bottom to top uncover 08H = horizontal centre to edge cover 09H = horizontal edge to centre uncover 0AH = vertical centre to edge cover 0BH = vertical edge to centre uncover Note: All uncover wipes will alter the window co-ordinates. Window Wipe Speed 1BH + 89H + speed Set the wipe effect speed (pixels per second) for the selected window. (50us) 00H = halt wipe 01H = ~17Hz 02H = ~35Hz 03H = ~52Hz 04H = ~70Hz 05H = ~87Hz 06H = ~105Hz 07H = ~122Hz 08H = ~140Hz 09H = ~157Hz 0AH = ~175Hz 0BH = ~192Hz 0CH = ~210Hz 0DH = ~227Hz 0EH = ~245Hz 0FH = ~262Hz 10H = ~315Hz The wipe effect duration depends upon the size of the window. Default speed = 04H (~70Hz). Window Pattern Select 1BH + 8DH + pat Select pre-defined pattern (00H-0FH) for window: - (50us) Window Pattern Data 1BH + 8EH + data A user 16x16 pixel pattern (32 bytes) can be defined for the selected window. (50us) All data should be in vertical format with D7 uppermost. Window Pattern Option 1BH + 8FH + option Window Pattern Options: - (50us) Bit 3 = invert pattern data. Bit 2 = pattern alignment on / off. Bit 1 = pattern align with top(1) or bottom(0) of window. Bit 0 = pattern align with left(1) or right edge of window. Default option = 00H (pattern alignment off & not inverted). Scroll Text In Window 1 1BH + 90H + mode + no + data Scroll text data within area defined by window 1. (50us + no of data bytes * 50us mode bits 1&0 = direction: - [last byte]) 00 = Scroll Up 01 = Scroll Down 10 = Scroll Left 11 = Scroll Right mode bit 4 = scroll window's contents (yes/no) mode bit 5 = pad end of text with spaces (yes/no) no = repeat number (00H = infinite) data = text to be scrolled with 00H = end of text. Use 0DH for multi-line scrolling messages. Up to 8 rows of text can be scrolled horizontally. Scroll Speed 1BH + 91H + speed Set window 1 scroll speed (pixels per second): - (50us) 00H = halt scroll 01H = ~35Hz 02H = ~70Hz 03H = ~105Hz 04H = ~140Hz 05H = ~175Hz* 06H = ~210Hz* 07H = ~245Hz* 08H = ~315Hz* *Horizontal scroll only. Default speed = 02H (~70Hz). Select Extended Font 1BH + 98H + font Select extended font: - (50us) bits 0-2 = font number: - 00H = 5x5 ASCII mini font. 01H = 5x7 ASCII font. 02H = 10x14 ASCII font. 03H = 7x15 ASCII font. 04H = 5x7 Cyrillic font. 05H = 10x14 Cyrillic font. bit 3 = proportional / fixed spacing. 1 = proportional, 0 = fixed. bits 4-6 = horizontal font spacing 1-8 pixels, where 000 = 1 pixel through to 111 = 8 pixels. Auto Fade 1BH + 9CH + level Perform automatic fade to a defined level. (50us) Bits 0-2 = luminance level, where 000 = off through to 111 = 100%. Bits 4-5 = speed, where 00 = fast through to 11 = slow. Command Delay 1BH + 9FH + delay Delay any pending commands: - (50us + delay [last byte]) 00H = wait for display scan to finish. 01H-F0H = multiple of 10ms delay period (10ms to 2.5 seconds). F8H = wait for Scroll to finish. FAH = wait for Window 1 Flash to finish. FBH = wait for Window 2 Flash to finish. FCH = wait for Window 1 Wipe to finish. FDH = wait for Window 2 Wipe to finish. Note: If scroll or flash is set to infinite repeat, the delay is ignored. Important Notes: - Busy times are not inclusive of a 100us scan period, this must be taken into consideration. If the cursor is enabled, busy times will increase by a further 50us. All coordinates are absolute. The origin (00H, 00H) is the top left of the display. All data shown is in hexadecimal format. The Back Space (08H) command is disabled when using proportional font. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 GU144x40D-K610A8 SETUP The VFD module features a buffered asynchronous serial port and an unbuffered parallel port at CMOS level. Interface selection/set-up can be made using the single push button switch on the back of the module. Pressing the switch for the first time will display the initial configuration menu. On each subsequent switch press the menu pointer will advance. The current menu item will be selected if the switch is not pressed within 2 seconds. To select the required interface, press the switch until the ‘COMMS’ item has been selected. Wait 2 seconds for the communication menu to be displayed. Press the switch until the required communication method is selected. The factory default interface is “SERIAL”. Wait 2 seconds for the interface menu to be displayed. Press the switch until the required interface is selected. The factory default interface is “SPI”. Wait 2 seconds for the related communication settings and select the property to be edited. Wait 2 seconds to display the related communication settings. The current configuration is displayed first. The factory default settings are “DATA: D7-D0”, “EDGE: RISE:”, “MODE: BUFFER”. Interface selection example. Note: Production items can be supplied with the configuration preset and fixed. RESET TIMING >1.5us /RES The module is reset when a low-level signal is applied to the /RES line. This will cause the Module to clear the display, initialise the communication settings and set all power-up defaults. 30ms DATA During this initialisation period, the user must delay any transmission to the module. If the user stores macros in EEPROM, the auto check and repair routine may take up to 9ms per stored byte in addition to the standard reset time. Reset timing diagram SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL COMMUNICATION (SPI) With synchronous communications enabled, data can be clocked into the VFD module using the rising or falling edge of SCK. This is selectable by the push switch on the rear of the module which also sets the data order. By default, data is clocked in on the rising edge with the most significant bit sent first. The host must provide adequate delays for the module to process the data. These busy times are specified in the software command section. Alternatively the host can monitor the MB (Module Busy) line. >125ns tBUSY + 10us SIN I/O /SS I/O SOUT >65ns >125ns >125ns HOST I/O SCK GU144x40D-K610A8 SYSTEM SCK (RISING) I/O /SS I/O MB SCK (FALLING) I/O /RES GND VDD VDD GND SIN (D7-D0) D7 D6 D0 D7 D6 D0 SIN (D0-D7) D0 D1 D7 D0 D1 D7 The /SS pin can be used as an enable pin if other devices are <10us connected to the SPI bus. The use of the /SS line is optional, MB and can be permanently pulled low if not required. This is not SPI Synchronous Serial Communication. recommended since /SS ensures synchronisation of the SPI bus. ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL COMMUNICATION The asynchronous communication speed and parity can be set with the push switch on the rear of the module, or with the ‘SET SERIAL COMMS’ command. The default settings are 19200 baud with no parity. <10us tBUSY START D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D4 D5 D6 D7 PARITY STOP TXD RXD RXD RXD TXD HOST GU144x40D-K610A8 DTR HB SYSTEM MB CTS MB Asynchronous serial communication from host system to VFD module. I/O /RES GND VDD VDD GND >2us START D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D4 D5 D6 D7 PARITY STOP TXD The host busy line (HB) stops the module from sending data HB to the host until the line falls. The use of the HB and MB lines Asynchronous serial communication from VFD module to host system. are optional, and can be connected together if not required. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 I2C COMMUNICATION The I2C interface operates as a slave either in ‘slave receive’ or ‘slave transmit’ mode with a fixed address of 70H. A START condition is signaled by driving SDA low while SCL is high. A STOP condition is signaled by driving SDA high while SCL is high. After a START condition is detected followed by ‘SLA+W’ (R/W bit low) with an address of 70H, the command / data bytes may be stored in the serial / packet buffer if th selected (command data must not exceed buffer size). The module will pull SDA high during the 9 clock cycle of a data transfer to acknowledge the receipt of a byte. Additional data may be sent after an adequate delay for the module to process the data providing the host receives an Ack. If the host has not detected an Ack the data transfer must be started again by providing a STOP and START condition and SLA+W. When a read command is sent the requested data is buffered then an I2C packet must be sent with SLA+R (R/W bit high) to read the command / data byte(s). The host can monitor the MB (Module Busy) line to provide adequate delays. MSB LSB R/W ACK MSB LSB ACK <10us HOST I/O SCL GU144x40D-K610A8 SDA SYSTEM I/O SDA SCL 1 7 8 9 1 8 9 I/O MB GND VDD VDD GND >1us tBUSY START SLA+W / SLA+R DATA STOP MB The SCL and SDA lines are internally pulled up with 10K resistors. PARALLEL COMMUNICATION The 8 I/O lines can be configured as a slow parallel interface. Data on PA0-7 is clocked into the module with the Enable line, this can be set to either a rising or falling edge trigger by the push switch on the back of the module. The host must keep the data stable for the time period indicated in the timing diagram. The module busy line (MB) can be used in parallel communication mode. >125ns ENABLE (RISING) I/O PA0-7 HOST GU144x40D-K610A8 ENABLE (FALLING) SYSTEM I/O MB >125ns >250ns I/O ENABLE D0 - D7 DATA GND VDD VDD GND tBUSY <10us MB The input lines D0-D7 are not internally pulled up. Parallel Communication. The host system should be configured to ensure the stability of these lines. SERIAL BUFFER A 256-byte serial receive buffer can be activated through the setup switch on the rear of the module. This buffer can be used with any of the available serial communication modes. The buffer can also be enabled through the ‘Set Serial Comms’ command (see command table). Once enabled, any I/O data transmitted from the display module due to a read request or automatic I/O read, will be preceded with an identification character. Character 49H (‘I’) precedes I/O data bytes and 43H (‘C’) precedes checksum data bytes. PACKET MODE The packet mode offers a more secure communication for display writing. The packet mode can be used with any of the available serial communication modes. The packet mode can also be enabled through the ‘Set Serial Comms’ command (see command table). Up to 32-bytes of data can be sent to the display module, encapsulated with a header (02H) and footer (03H) byte. The length of the packet should follow the header byte. An 8-bit checksum is used to validate the data. This checksum is the sum of the data bytes. The display acknowledges the packet with a 50H (‘P’) code for successful transfer, or a 45H (‘E’) for a data error. HEADER (02H) DATA LENGTH (1-32) DATA DATA DATA DATA CHECKSUM FOOTER (03H) Packet format. Example packet transfer: - ACKNOWLEDGE BYTE SENT HEADER LENGTH DATA CHECKSUM FOOTER FROM DISPLAY 02H 13H 19H 1BH 98H 0BH 10H 00H 0FH “Packet Write” 79H 03H 50H RESET SELECT FONT SET CURSOR TEXT If an error occurs, the display module will discard the data, the host should then re-send the entire packet. If the packet is received correctly, then the data is placed within the 256-byte receive buffer. The receive buffer is enabled automatically when using packet mode. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 KEYBOARD CONTROL All 8 I/O lines can be configured to scan a key matrix with up to 16 keys. The 1BH + 4BH command will configure the I/O lines to key scan mode. The I/O port status will indicate the row/column position of the pressed key. The ENABLE line acts as hardware scan enable input, and should be tied to ground. The following example enables the key-scanning mode and the automatic I/O send when PA0 using asynchronous communications. S1 S2 S3 S4 PA1 ENABLE KEY SCANNNG AUTOMATIC I/O SEND S5 S6 S7 S8 PA2 1BH 4BH 1BH 49H 82H S9 S10 S11 S12 PA3 On each key press, the I/O port status will be sent out of the asynchronous GU144x40D S13 S14 S15 S16 -K610A8 communication port. e.g. pressing key switch 1, the module will send 03H to the host system. PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 When using synchronous serial communication, the /IRQ line will indicate when a key ENABLE has been pressed, the host should then issue a ‘Read Port’ command to determine the I/O port status. I/O CONTROL VDD The module contains simple Input and Output functions for the 8 I/O lines (PA0-PA7). All inputs include an optional pull-up resistor, 30K-120K in value. The outputs can source ~5mA and sink ~30mA. GU144x40D- The following example sets up the I/O lines to control the 2 LED’s and provide a pull-up resistor for the K610A8 switch. LED1 LED2 PA0 PA1 ENABLE I/O MODE P0/1 = OUT, P7 = IN SET I/O LINES ENABLE P7 PULL-UP, TURN ON LED1&2 PA7 1BH 4FH 80H 1BH 44H 80H GND SW1 With asynchronous communications enabled, the status of PA0-PA7 can be transmitted when a change in level is detected on any pin. This automatic response mode can be enabled by using the ‘UART SETUP’ command. When this mode is enabled, the VFD module can reliably check port changes every 15ms. With auto send disabled (default) a manual read command is required to determine the port status. READ PORT SW1 CLOSED SW1 OPEN RESPONSE I/O WRITE I/O READ 1BH 52H 00H 80H ~400ns ~400ns ENABLE When I/O control is used, the Enable line can be used as an active low <250ns <250ns read or write strobe. With the I/O read command, the enable line will PA0 - PA7 clock before the module reads the I/O port status. With the I/O write command, the enable line will clock after the I/O lines have been set. I/O Write & Read. DISPLAYING TEXT 0,0 The module contains 3 font sizes, a proportional mini-font, 5x7 pixel, and a 10x14 pixel font. Characters of any size can be written to any part of the display. All data sent to the module from 20H to FFH is treated as character data. Characters are positioned above the current cursor position, see Fig1. Each character written will include a one pixel space on the right side of the character. After each character is written to the display, the cursor position is automatically 0,7 advanced. If the cursor position reaches the end of the display, the host must reposition to the next line. 6,7 The following example displays two text messages in the center of the display. Cursor Positioning, example of writing 2 characters from cursor position 0,7. 5x7 FONT SET CURSOR DISPLAY TEXT SET CURSOR DISPLAY TEXT 1DH 10H 1EH 13H ‘NORITAKE ITRON’ 10H 27H 1BH ‘VFD MODULES’ Displaying text in the small 5x7 font. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 The next example displays one line of text using the 10x14 font. 10x14 FONT SET CURSOR DISPLAY TEXT 1EH 10H 27H 1BH ‘144x40’ Displaying text in the large 10x14 font. The module can display a cursor to aid character positioning and text input. The size of the cursor depends upon the currently selected font, and can be set to flash or remain static. 5x7 FONT SET CURSOR DISPLAY TEXT ENABLE FLASHING CURSOR 1DH 10H 0DH 0EH ‘ENTER NAME: ’ 1AH 18H Using the cursor to aid user input. DISPLAYING GRAPHICS Graphical images can be displayed on the VFD module in either a horizontal or vertical byte orientation. After each graphical data write, the cursor is automatically advanced, depending upon the direction selected in the ‘Write Mode’ command. The most significant bit is positioned to the top (vertical data) or to the left (horizontal data). MSB - 1CH - 5CH - 48H The following example displays a simple graphical image using horizontal graphic data. The write mode - 3EH - 1DH is first set to horizontal data format, with a vertical cursor movement. The cursor is positioned before - 1DH - 14H sending the 8 byte of graphical data using the graphics command. - 36H SET HORIZONTAL WRITE MODE Graphic Image using horizontal data SET CURSOR GRAPHIC WRITE LENGTH GRAPHIC DATA MSB 1AH 40H 10H 28H 10H 18H 08H 1CH 5CH 48H 3EH 1DH 1DH 14H 36H The next example displays a simple graphical image using vertical graphical data. The write mode is first set to vertical data format, with a horizontal cursor movement. The cursor is positioned, then the top 20 bytes are sent using the graphic write command. The cursor is then repositioned to send the bottom 20 graphical bytes. SET VERTICAL WRITE MODE Graphic Image using vertical data SET CURSOR GRAPHIC WRITE LENGTH GRAPHIC DATA 1AH 80H 10H 50H 0CH 18H 14H 00H 00H 00H 00H 07H 04H C7H FEH 72H 73H 32H 3EH 3FH 1DH 00H 00H 00H 00H 00H 00H 10H 50H 14H 18H 14H 00H 3CH 42H 81H B9H C1H 42H 7CH 20H D8H FCH 3CH FCH CAH 49H B1H 89H 42H 3CH 00H Displaying graphic images in vertical and horizontal format. The graphic area write command 1FH uses top-left and bottom-right XY co-ordinates to define an area to which graphical data bytes will be written. The orientation is set-up using the write mode command 1AH. Unused bits are masked where the screen area is not a byte multiple. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 BYTE21 BYTE1 BYTE2 BYTE19 BYTE40 BYTE20 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 AREA COMMANDS The VFD module contains commands to fill, clear and invert defined areas of the display. Also an outline command is available to draw rectangles around objects. The following example displays three options for the user to select, each option is contained within a box with a shadow effect. Drawing horizontal and vertical line using the fill area command creates the shadow effect. SET CURSOR DISPLAY OPTIONS 10H 0FH 17H ‘SETUP’ 10H 38H 17H ‘PRINT’ 10H 67H 17H ‘RUN’ Display options with simple text write. BO BOX O X OU UT TL LINE INE T TO OP P LE LEFT FT BOTT BOTTO OM M RIGH RIGHT T 14H 09H 0EH 2FH 18H 14H 33H 0EH 59H 18H 14H 5DH 0EH 83H 18H SET AREA HORIZONTAL LINE FILL AREA VERTICAL LINE Boxes created using the ‘Set Outline’ command. 11H 0AH 19H 30H 19H 11H 30H 0FH 30H 19H 11H 34H 19H 5AH 19H 11H 5AH 0FH 5AH 19H 11H 5EH 19H 84H 19H 11H 84H 0FH 84H 19H Drop Shadows created with the ‘Set Area’ command. The next example uses the invert area command to select one of the options. INVERT AREA TOP LEFT BOTTOM RIGHT 13H 5EH 0FH 82H 17H Option ‘Run’ selected with the ‘Invert Area’ command. WRITE MODES By default, display data that is overwritten will be cleared prior to displaying any new data. This display data can be maintained whilst writing by selecting the ‘OR’ mode with the ‘Write Mode’ command, this will effectively merge the old data with the new. The ‘AND’ write mode will only display written data if existing data is present on the display. The other ‘Write Mode’ is ‘XOR’ which can be useful for writing text on an inverted display. The following example uses the XOR mode to write text on a full display. WRITE MODE XOR MODE SET AREA TOP LEFT BOTTOM RIGHT 11H 00H 00H 8FH 27H 1AH 03H 10H 18H 17H ‘INVERETED TEXT’ Displaying inverted text using the ‘Write Mode’ command. This next example uses the XOR mode to display the percentage completed on a progress bar. WRITE MODE XOR MODE 10H 2FH 11H ‘PROGRESS’ 14H 00H 16H 8FH 20H 11H 00H 16H 40H 20H 1AH 03H 10H 3CH 1FH ‘50%’ Using inverting text for displaying progress level. NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 MACROS A string of data and commands can be sent to the module and stored in non-volatile EEPROM by using the macro feature. This string of data and commands can then be executed by using just one command. Up to 8 macros can be used at any one time, one of these is executed at power-up. This example uses the first macro (Macro 0) to display an initial message at power-up. WRITE TO MACRO-0 LENGTH POWER-UP MESSAGE 1BH 00H 24H 10H 27H 11H ‘PLEASE WAIT’ 10H 0FH 1DH ‘INITIALISING SYSTEM’ Power-Up message using Macro 0. This next example saves the previous graphic icon into Macro 1, and then is used as a user-defined character. WRITE TO MACRO-1 LENGTH GRAPHIC DATA 1BH 01H 0CH 1AH 40H 18H 08H 1CH 5CH 48H 3EH 1DH 1DH 14H 36H SET CURSOR DISPLAY ICON SET CURSOR DISPLAY ICON 10H 0FH 09H 01H 10H 7BH 08H 01H 10H 3EH 12H 01H 10H 4FH 1AH 01H Using Macros as user-defined characters. This example creates a display template, which can be helpful if many screens require the same look. WRITE TO MACRO-2 LENGTH RESET AREA COMMANDS 1BH 02H 1BH 19H 14H 02H 02H 8DH 25H 11H 00H 00H 04H 04H 11H 00H 23H 04H 27H 11H 8BH 00H 8FH 04H 11H 8BH 23H 8FH 27H DISPLAY TEMPLATE SET CURSOR DISPLAY MESSAGE 02H 10H 25H 17H ‘SYSTEM READY’ Using Macros as a screen template. EEPROM PROTECTION The EEPROM contains information such as macro data, asynchronous communication settings and I/O configuration. So it is important to protect this information from stray commands due to communication failures. To protect the EEPROM, the module contains a ‘EEPROM Lock’ command (1BH + 4CH). Once this command is issued, no further EEPROM updates can be made until it is unlocked (1BH + 55H). This feature is also accessible from the set up menu, using the push button switch on the rear of the module. During reset, EEPROM is automatically checked and repaired. When macros are stored, the module remains busy for 9ms per stored byte. USING THE CHECKSUM All data written to the module is added to an internal checksum. The lower 8-bits of this checksum can be read at any time from the module by the host system to confirm accurate data transfer. It is up to the user if or when this feature should be used. The checksum is cleared at power- up and after each checksum read. Example: Read checksum at power-up, or directly after it has been cleared. READ CHECKSUM CHECKSUM SENT TO HOST 1BH 43H 5EH Example: Read checksum after data has been written to the display. WRITE DATA READ CHECKSUM CHECKSUM SENT TO HOST 19H 31H 32H 33H 1BH 43H 0DH NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 WINDOWS The user can create 2 independent windows which can manipulate underlying display information without changing the data stored in RAM. The window area can be filled with pattern data as well as flashing and wipe effects. Window 1 can be used for scrolling multi-line text. Window examples: - SELECT FONT SET CURSOR DISPLAY TEXT 1BH 98H 09H 10H 04H 17H “WELCOME TO NORITAKE ITRON” Display without windows. SELECT WINDOW 1 DEFINE WINDOW CO-ORDINATES WINDOW FILL SHOW WINDOW 1BH 80H 1BH 82H 0DH 0EH 38H 18H 1BH 83H 02H 1BH 84H 1BH 81H 1BH 82H 59H 0EH 83H 18H 1BH 83H 00H 1BH 84H Display 2 windows: - Fill & Invert. SELECT WINDOW 2 DEFINE WINDOW CO-ORDINATES WINDOW INVERT SHOW WINDOW FLASHING The 2 windows can be utilized for display area flashing. The window flash speed and the flash amount are user-defined. The display’s contents are preserved during the flash period. The flashing can also be stopped at any time. Invert flash example: - SELECT FONT SET CURSOR DISPLAY TEXT 1BH 98H 0AH 10H 20H 12H “WARNING!!!” 10H 01H 24H “Power Overload” SELECT WINDOW 1 DEFINE WINDOW CO-ORDINATES WINDOW INVERT INFINITE FLASH 1BH 80H 1BH 82H 1EH 02H 72H 13H 1BH 83H 00H 1BH 86H FFH Window flashing. The window mode can be changed to ‘clear’ for a flash on/off effect. The flash on and off time duration are independent, and can be set at anytime: - WINDOW CLEAR FLASH SPEED 1BH 83H 01H 1BH 87H 44H SCROLL The module has the ability to scroll multi-line text within any area of the display defined by window 1. Text can be scrolled in a horizontal or vertical direction. The scroll operates independently from other commands, allowing display changes during the scroll effect. All scroll data is stored within a separate 256-byte buffer. Scrolls can be repeated a defined amount, and any font can be chosen. For multi-line scrolls, each line should be terminated by a carriage return code (0DH). A maximum of 8-lines can be scrolled horizontally. Scroll example: - SELECT WINDOW 1 SELECT FONT DEFINE WINDOW CO-ORDINATES 1BH 80H 1BH 82H 00H 00H 89H 1BH 1BH 98H 0BH 1BH 90H 02H 01H “Scrolling Text Message” 00H Scrolling horizontal text data. SCROLL LEFT ONCE SCROLL TEXT TEXT END NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 PATTERNS One of 16 pre-defined pattern designs can be selected, and each window can have a uniquely associated pattern. Each pattern consists of 16x16 pixels and can be aligned to the top-left, top-right, bottom-left or bottom-right corner of the window. The pattern data can be inverted (negative image) if required. A user defined pattern can also be created for each window. Pattern example: - SELECT WINDOW 1 SHOW WINDOW ENABLE PATTERN DEFINE WINDOW CO-ORDINATES 1BH 80H 1BH 82H 00H 00H 8FH 27H 1BH 83H 03H 1BH 84H Custom Pattern Data. DEFINE PATTERN 32-BYTE PATTERN DATA 1BH 8EH 86H FCH FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H 86H FCH 86H 86H FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H 86H FCH FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H 86H FCH 86H 86H FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H INVERT 1BH 8FH 08H Define custom pattern. WIPE EFFECTS The wipe commands modify the window co-ordinates to cover or uncover the display data. The display data is retained when using any of the wipes. The wipe effects operate independently from other commands, allowing display changes during the effect. The time duration of the wipe effect is dependant upon the defined wipe speed and the window size. The window mode is used to select the wipe fill type - Clear, Fill, Invert or Pattern. A curtain effect can be created using a pattern wipe with the align feature, the pattern data will scroll in unison with the wipe. There are 12 wipe actions to choose from: - 00H - Left-to-Right Cover. 01H - Right -to-Left Cover. 02H - Top-to-Bottom Cover. 03H - Bottom-to-Top Cover. 04H - Left-to-Right Uncover. 05H - Right -to-Left Uncover. 06H - Top-to-Bottom Uncover. 07H - Bottom-to-Top Uncover. 08H - H. Centre-to-Edge Cover. 09H - H. Edge-to-Centre Uncover. 0AH - V. Centre-to-Edge Cover. 0BH - V. Edge-to-Centre Uncover. Wipe examples: - SELECT WINDOW 1 DEFINE WINDOW CO-ORDINATES 1BH 80H 1BH 82H 00H 00H 8FH 27H 1BH 83H 03H 1BH 88H 02H Wipe down effect with pattern enabled. ENABLE WIPE PATTERN START WIPE DOWN EFFECT NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8 FCH 86H 86H FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H 86H FCH FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H 86H FCH 86H 86H FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H 86H FCH FEH 86H 7EH 86H 00H 86H Dot Graphic VFD Module GU144x40D-K610A8 CHANGE WIPE PATTERN LOCK PATTERN TO BOTTOM OF WINDOW 1BH 8DH 07H 1BH 8FH 06H Change pattern. SELECT 5x5 FONT SET CURSOR DISPLAY TEXT 1BH 98H 09H 10H 04H 17H “WELCOME TO NORITAKE ITRON” 1BH 88H 07H Uncover hidden text. UNCOVER WIPE EFFECT ADDITIONAL FONTS Cyrillic 5x7 & 10x14 Font Standard 7x15 Font NORITAKE ITRON VFD MODULES GU144x40D-K610A8