LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification October 1997 Order Number 685521-001 The LM440LX NLX motherboard may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are documented in the LM440LX NLX Motherboard Specification Update. Revision History Revision Revision History Date -001 First release of LM440LX Technical Product Specification. October 1997 This product specification applies only to standard LM440LX motherboards with BIOS identifier 4L4ML0X0.86A. Changes to this specification will be published in the LM440LX Motherboard Specification Update before being incorporated into a revision of this document. Information in this document is provided in connection with Intel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Intel’s Terms and Conditions of Sale for such products, Intel assumes no liability whatsoever, and Intel disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to sale and/or use of Intel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications. Intel retains the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. The LM440LX motherboard may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request. Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications before placing your product order. ‡ Wake on LAN is a trademark of IBM Corporation. † Third-party brands and names are the property of their respective owners. Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature, may be obtained from: Intel Corporation P.O. Box 7641 Mt. Prospect, IL 60056-7641 or call in North America 1-800-879-4683, Europe 44-0-1793-431-155, France 44-0-1793-421-777, Germany 44-0-1793-421-333, other Countries 708-296-9333. Copyright  1997, Intel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. ii Contents 1 Motherboard Description 1.1 Overview .....................................................................................................................7 1.2 Form Factor................................................................................................................. 9 1.3 I/O Shield .................................................................................................................. 10 1.4 Microprocessor.......................................................................................................... 11 1.4.1 Microprocessor Packaging.......................................................................... 11 1.4.2 Second Level Cache................................................................................... 11 1.4.3 Microprocessor Upgrades ........................................................................... 11 1.5 Memory ..................................................................................................................... 12 1.5.1 Main Memory .............................................................................................. 12 1.5.2 ECC Memory............................................................................................... 12 1.6 AGPset...................................................................................................................... 13 1.6.1 Intel 82443LX PCI/A.G.P. Controller (PAC) ................................................ 13 1.6.2 Intel 82371AB PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4) ........................................... 14 1.6.3 Accelerated Graphics Port (A.G.P.) ............................................................ 15 1.6.4 Universal Serial Bus (USB) ......................................................................... 16 1.6.5 IDE Support ................................................................................................ 16 1.6.6 Real-time Clock, CMOS SRAM, and Battery............................................... 16 1.7 I/O Interface Controller.............................................................................................. 17 1.7.1 Serial Ports ................................................................................................. 17 1.7.2 Parallel Port ................................................................................................ 17 1.7.3 Floppy Controller......................................................................................... 17 1.7.4 PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse Interface .......................................................... 18 1.8 Audio Subsystem ...................................................................................................... 18 1.8.1 OPL3-SA3 Audio System............................................................................ 18 1.8.2 Audio Subsystem Resources...................................................................... 19 1.8.3 Audio Drivers and Utilities ........................................................................... 19 1.8.4 Audio Connectors ....................................................................................... 20 1.9 Hardware Monitor...................................................................................................... 20 1.10 Motherboard Connectors........................................................................................... 21 1.11 Back Panel Connectors............................................................................................. 22 1.12 Configuration Jumpers .............................................................................................. 23 1.12.1 Mic In Select (J8H1).................................................................................... 24 1.12.2 Normal Mode (J6C1)................................................................................... 24 1.12.3 Configuration Mode (J6C1)......................................................................... 24 1.12.4 Recovery Mode (J6C1) ............................................................................... 24 1.13 NLX Card Edge Connectors...................................................................................... 25 1.13.1 NLX Riser with Supplemental Connector.................................................... 26 1.14 Reliability................................................................................................................... 27 1.15 Environmental ........................................................................................................... 27 1.16 Power Consumption.................................................................................................. 28 1.16.1 Power Supply Considerations..................................................................... 28 1.17 Regulatory Compliance ............................................................................................. 29 1.17.1 Product Certification Markings .................................................................... 29 iii Contents 2 Motherboard Resources 2.1 Memory Map ............................................................................................................. 31 2.2 DMA Channels .......................................................................................................... 31 2.3 I/O Map ..................................................................................................................... 32 2.4 PCI Configuration Space Map................................................................................... 34 2.5 Interrupts...................................................................................................................34 2.6 PCI Interrupt Routing Map......................................................................................... 34 3 Overview of BIOS Features 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 37 3.2 BIOS Upgrades ......................................................................................................... 37 3.3 BIOS Flash Memory Organization............................................................................. 38 3.4 Plug and Play: PCI Autoconfiguration ...................................................................... 38 3.5 PCI IDE Support........................................................................................................ 38 3.6 ISA Plug and Play ..................................................................................................... 39 3.7 ISA Legacy Devices .................................................................................................. 39 3.8 Desktop Management Interface (DMI) ...................................................................... 40 3.9 Advanced Power Management (APM) ...................................................................... 40 3.10 Language Support..................................................................................................... 41 3.11 Boot Options ............................................................................................................. 41 3.12 OEM Logo or Scan Area ........................................................................................... 41 3.13 USB Legacy Support................................................................................................. 42 3.14 BIOS Setup Access................................................................................................... 43 3.15 Recovering BIOS Data.............................................................................................. 43 4 BIOS Setup Program 4.1 Maintenance Menu.................................................................................................... 45 4.2 Main Menu ................................................................................................................ 46 4.2.1 Floppy Options Submenu ........................................................................... 47 4.2.2 IDE Device Configuration Submenus.......................................................... 48 4.3 Advanced Menu ........................................................................................................ 49 4.3.1 Resource Configuration Submenu.............................................................. 50 4.3.2 Peripheral Configuration Submenu............................................................. 50 4.3.3 Keyboard Configuration Submenu.............................................................. 52 4.3.4 Video Configuration Submenu .................................................................... 52 4.3.5 DMI Event Logging Submenu ..................................................................... 52 4.4 Security Menu ........................................................................................................... 53 4.5 Power Menu .............................................................................................................. 53 4.6 Boot Menu................................................................................................................. 54 4.6.1 Hard Drive Submenu................................................................................... 55 4.6.2 Removable Devices Submenu.................................................................... 55 4.7 Exit Menu .................................................................................................................. 55 iv Contents 5 Error Messages and Beep Codes 5.1 BIOS Error Messages................................................................................................ 57 5.2 Port 80h POST Codes............................................................................................... 58 5.3 BIOS Beep Codes..................................................................................................... 63 6 Specifications and Customer Support 6.1 Online Support .......................................................................................................... 65 6.2 Specifications ............................................................................................................ 65 Figures 1. Motherboard Components........................................................................................... 8 2. Motherboard Dimensions ............................................................................................ 9 3. Back Panel I/O Shield Dimensions............................................................................ 10 4. Motherboard Connectors........................................................................................... 21 5. Back Panel I/O Connectors....................................................................................... 22 6. Jumper Locations...................................................................................................... 23 Tables 1. Supported Drivers and Resolutions........................................................................... 15 2. Audio Subsystem Resources .................................................................................... 19 3. Fan connector (J3A1)................................................................................................ 21 4. Jumper Settings ........................................................................................................ 23 5. Signals, NLX Riser with Supplemental Connector (P9J1) ......................................... 26 6. Motherboard Environmental Specifications ............................................................... 27 7. Power Usage............................................................................................................. 28 8. Safety Regulations .................................................................................................... 29 9. EMI Regulations........................................................................................................ 29 10. Memory Map ............................................................................................................. 31 11. DMA Channels .......................................................................................................... 31 12. I/O Map ..................................................................................................................... 32 13. PCI Configuration Space Map................................................................................... 34 14. Interrupts...................................................................................................................34 15. PCI Interrupt Routing Map......................................................................................... 35 16. Flash Memory Organization ...................................................................................... 38 17. Recommendations for Configuring an ATAPI Device................................................ 39 18. Setup Menu Bar ........................................................................................................ 45 19. Setup Function Keys ................................................................................................. 45 20. Maintenance Menu.................................................................................................... 46 21. Main Menu ................................................................................................................ 46 22. Floppy Options Submenu.......................................................................................... 47 23. IDE Device Configuration Submenus........................................................................ 48 24. Advanced Menu ........................................................................................................ 49 25. Resource Configuration Submenu ............................................................................ 50 v Contents 26. Peripheral Configuration Submenu ........................................................................... 51 27. Keyboard Configuration Submenu ............................................................................ 52 28. Video Configuration Submenu .................................................................................. 52 29. DMI Event Logging Submenu ................................................................................... 52 30. Security Menu ........................................................................................................... 53 31. Power Menu .............................................................................................................. 53 32. Boot Menu................................................................................................................. 54 33. Hard Drive Submenu................................................................................................. 55 34. Removable Devices Submenu .................................................................................. 55 35. Exit Menu .................................................................................................................. 55 36. BIOS Error Messages ............................................................................................... 57 37. Port 80h Codes ......................................................................................................... 58 38. Beep Codes .............................................................................................................. 63 39. Compliance with Specifications................................................................................. 65 vi 1 Motherboard Description 1.1 Overview ® The LM440LX motherboard supports Pentium II family microprocessors operating at 233, 266, and 300 MHz. The motherboard features: • NLX form factor • Minimal jumper design Main Memory • Two 168-pin DIMM sockets • Support for up to 256 MB of synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) • Support for 66 MHz SDRAM AGPset and PCI Interface • Intel 82440LX AGPset PCI/A.G.P Controller (PAC) • Integrated PCI bus mastering controller using PIIX4 I/O Features • SMC FDC37C677 I/O controller integrates standard I/O functions: floppy drive interface, one multi-mode parallel port, two FIFO serial ports, real-time clock, and keyboard and mouse controller • Support for two Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports • Dual channel Fast IDE interface Audio Subsystem • Yamaha OPL3-SA3 audio codec component Graphics Subsystem † • Cirrus Logic CL-GD5465 A.G.P. graphics accelerator with 4 MB of (RDRAM) RAMBUS video memory Other features • Plug and Play compatible • Support for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) and Advanced Power Management (APM) Software drivers and utilities are available from Intel. 7 Motherboard Description Figure 1 shows the general location of the components on the motherboard. A B C R Q D P E F G O H I J N M L K OM06340a A Back panel connectors J NLX riser edge connector B Supplemental edge connector K National Semiconductor LM79 hardware monitor C SMC FDC37C677 I/O controller L Slot 1 connector D Microphone input select jumper M Fan connector E Yamaha OPL3-SA3 audio codec N Intel 82443LX PCI/A.G.P. controller F Flash memory O DIMM sockets G Intel 82371AB PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4) P Cirrus Logic CL-GD5465 A.G.P. graphics accelerator H Configuration jumper Q Battery I Speaker R RAMBUS memory Figure 1. Motherboard Components 8 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.2 Form Factor The motherboard is designed to fit into a standard NLX form factor chassis. Figure 2 illustrates the mechanical form factor for the motherboard. Location of the I/O connectors, riser connector, and mounting holes is in strict compliance with the NLX I/O Shield Design Suggestions specification (see Section 6.2). 6.05 9.80 8.70 6.225 0.00 0.20 7.80 0.45 3.40 7.34 0.00 OM06337a Figure 2. Motherboard Dimensions 9 Motherboard Description 1.3 I/O Shield The back panel I/O shield for the motherboard must meet specific dimensional and material requirements. Computers built with this motherboard need the I/O shield to pass EMI certification testing. Figure 3 shows the critical dimensions for the I/O shield and indicates the position of each cutout. For more chassis design requirements, see the NLX specification (see Section 6.2). 0.543 1.752 0.208 1.197 0.948 0.530 0.456 0.447 0.00 0.143 0.456 0.366(2) 0.490(2) OM06463 Figure 3. Back Panel I/O Shield Dimensions 10 0.168 0.00 0.570 1.175 1.838 2.504 3.179 4.532 4.637 5.997 7.274 7.429 7.908 8.853 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.4 Microprocessor The motherboard supports a single Pentium II processor. The processor’s VID pins automatically program the motherboard’s voltage regulator to the required processor voltage. The motherboard operates with processors that run internally at 233, 266, or 300 MHz and run externally at 66 MHz host bus speed with either a 256 KB or 512 KB second-level cache. The processor implements MMX technology and maintains full backward compatibility with the 8086, 80286, Intel386, Intel486, and Pentium processor. The processor’s numeric coprocessor significantly increases the speed of floating-point operations and complies with ANSI/IEEE standard 754-1985. 1.4.1 Microprocessor Packaging The processor is packaged in a Single Edge Contact (S.E.C.) cartridge. The S.E.C. cartridge includes the processor core, the second-level cache, a thermal plate, and a back cover. The processor connects to the motherboard through the Slot 1 processor connector, a 242-pin edge connector. When mounted in Slot 1, the processor is secured by a retention mechanism attached to the motherboard. The processor’s heatsink is stabilized by a heatsink support that is attached to the motherboard. 1.4.2 Second Level Cache The second-level cache is located on the substrate of the S.E.C. cartridge. The cache includes burst pipelined synchronous static RAM (BSRAM) and tag RAM. There can be two or four BSRAM components totaling 256 KB or 512 KB in size. All supported onboard memory can be cached. 1.4.3 Microprocessor Upgrades The motherboard can be upgraded with Pentium II processors that run at higher processor speeds. When upgrading the processor, use the BIOS configuration mode to change the processor. See Section 1.12.3 for information about configuration mode. 11 Motherboard Description 1.5 Memory 1.5.1 Main Memory The motherboard has two dual inline memory module (DIMM) sockets. Minimum memory size is 16 MB; maximum memory size is 256 MB. The BIOS automatically detects memory type, size, and speed. The motherboard supports the following memory features: • 168-pin DIMMs with gold-plated contacts • 66 MHz SDRAM only • Non-ECC (64-bit) and ECC (72-bit) memory • 3.3 V memory only • Single- or double-sided DIMMs in the following sizes: DIMM Size Non-ECC Configuration ECC Configuration 16 MB 2 Mbit x 64 2 Mbit x 72 32 MB 4 Mbit x 64 4 Mbit x 72 64 MB 8 Mbit x 64 8 Mbit x 72 128 MB 16 Mbit x 64 16 Mbit x 72 Memory can be installed in one or two sockets. Memory size can vary between sockets. NOTE � To function properly, SDRAM DIMMs must meet the Intel 4-clock, 66 MHz, unbuffered SDRAM specification for either 64-bit or 72-bit SDRAM. See Section 6.2 for information about these specifications. 1.5.2 ECC Memory Error checking and correcting (ECC) memory detects multiple-bit errors and corrects single-bit errors. When ECC memory is installed, the BIOS supports both ECC and non-ECC mode. ECC mode is enabled in the Setup program. The BIOS automatically detects if ECC memory is installed and provides the Setup option for selecting ECC mode. If any non-ECC memory is installed, the Setup option for ECC mode does not appear. The following table describes the effect of using Setup to put each memory type in each supported mode. Whenever ECC mode is selected in Setup, some performance loss occurs. Memory Error Detection Mode Established in Setup Program ECC Disabled ECC Enabled No error detection N/A Non-ECC DIMM No error detection Single-bit error correction, multiple-bit error ECC DIMM detection 12 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.6 AGPset The Intel 440LX AGPset is designed for the Pentium II processor. It consists of the Intel 82443LX PCI/A.G.P. controller (PAC) and the Intel 82371AB PCI/ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4) bridge chip. 1.6.1 Intel 82443LX PCI/A.G.P. Controller (PAC) The PAC provides bus-control signals, address paths, and data paths for transfers between the processor’s host bus, PCI bus, Accelerated Graphics Port (A.G.P.), and main memory. The PAC features: • Processor interface control  Processor host bus speed of 66 MHz  32-bit addressing  GTL+ compliant host bus • Integrated DRAM controller  Supports synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)  64/72-bit path-to-memory  Auto detection of memory type  Supports 4-, 16-, 64-Mbit DRAM devices  Symmetrical and asymmetrical DRAM addressing  Supports 3.3 V DRAMs • Accelerated Graphics Port Interface  Complies with A.G.P. specification (see Section 6.2 for specification information)  Supports 3.3 V A.G.P. devices with data transfer rates up to 66 MHz  Synchronous coupling to the host-bus frequency • Fully-synchronous PCI bus interface  Complies with PCI specification (see Section 6.2 for specification information)  PCI-to-DRAM access greater than 100 MB/sec  Supports five PCI bus masters in addition to the host and PCI-to-ISA I/O bridge  Delayed transactions  PCI parity checking and generation support • Data Buffering  Host-to-DRAM, PCI-to-DRAM, and A.G.P.-to-DRAM write-data buffering  Write-combining for host-to-PCI burst writes  Supports concurrent host, PCI, and A.G.P. transactions to main memory • Supports system management mode (SMM) 13 Motherboard Description 1.6.2 Intel 82371AB PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4) The PIIX4 is a multifunction PCI device implementing the PCI-to-ISA bridge, PCI IDE functionality, Universal Serial Bus (USB) host/hub function, and enhanced power management. The PIIX4 features: • Multifunction PCI-to-ISA bridge  Supports the PCI bus at 33 MHz  Complies with PCI specification (see Section 6.2 for specification information)  Full ISA or extended I/O (EIO) bus support • USB controller  Two USB ports (see Section 6.2 for compliance level)  Supports legacy keyboard and mouse  Supports universal host controller interface (UHCI) design guide revision 1.1 interface • Integrated dual-channel enhanced IDE interface  Supports up to four IDE devices  PIO Mode 4 transfers at up to 14 MB/sec  Supports Ultra DMA/33 synchronous DMA mode transfers up to 33 MB/sec  Bus master mode with an 8 x 32-bit buffer for bus master PCI IDE burst transfers • Enhanced DMA controller  Two 8237-based DMA controllers  Supports PCI DMA with three PC/PCI channels and distributed DMA protocols  Fast type-F DMA for reduced PCI bus usage • Interrupt controller based on 82C59  Supports 15 interrupts  Programmable for edge/level sensitivity • Power management logic  Sleep/resume logic  Supports thermal alarm  Supports wake-on-modem through Ring Indicate input ‡  Supports Wake on LAN • Real-time Clock  256 byte battery-backed CMOS SRAM  Includes date alarm • 16-bit counters/timers based on 82C54 14 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.6.3 Accelerated Graphics Port (A.G.P.) A.G.P. is a high-performance interconnect for graphic-intensive applications, such as 3D applications. A.G.P. is independent of the PCI bus and is intended for exclusive use with graphical-display devices. A.G.P. provides these performance features: • Pipelined-memory read and write operations that hide memory access latency • Demultiplexing of address and data on the bus for near 100% bus efficiency • AC timing for 66 MHz data transfer rates, allowing data throughput of 250 MB/sec A.G.P. complies with the 66 MHz PCI specification. See Section 6.2 for information about the A.G.P. and PCI specifications. 1.6.3.1 Cirrus Logic CL-GD5465 A.G.P. graphics accelerator The CL-GD5465 supports A.G.P. for higher bandwidth between the system memory and the graphics subsystem. It is a member of the Laguna family of RAMBUS-based graphics accelerators, offering 3D-graphics capability while maintaining a high level of 2D performance. The features include: • 64-bit graphics engine with integrated 3D game acceleration • High-performance 64-bit GUI accelerator • Video playback acceleration † • Integrated VGA controller • Integrated 230-MHz palette DAC and clock synthesizer Table 1. Supported Drivers and Resolutions 8 bit 16 bit 24 bit 32 bit Drivers 256 colors 65,536 colors 16,777,216 colors 16,777,216 colors † Microsoft Windows 640 x 480 640 x 480 640 x 480 640 x 480*** Microsoft DCI* Provider 800 x 600 800 x 600 800 x 600 800 x 600*** Microsoft Windows 95 1024 x 768 1024 x 768 1024 x 768 1024 x 768*** Microsoft DirectDraw 1280 x 1024 1280 x 1024 † AutoCAD 1600 x 1200 AutoShade with Renderman 3D Studio MicroStation † Microsoft Windows NT † † OS/2 v3.x, Warp 640 x 480 640 x 480 800 x 600 800 x 600 1024 x 768 1024 x 768 1280 x 1024 VPM** Resolution-independent * Display control interface ** Video port manager *** Microsoft Windows NT only 15 Motherboard Description 1.6.4 Universal Serial Bus (USB) The motherboard has two USB ports. The motherboard fully supports the universal host controller interface (UHCI) and uses UHCI-compatible software drivers. See Section 6.2 for information about the USB specification. USB features include: • Self-identifying peripherals that can be plugged in while the computer is running • Automatic mapping of function to driver and configuration • Isochronous and asynchronous transfer types supported over the same set of wires • Up to 127 physical devices supported • Guaranteed bandwidth and low latencies appropriate for telephony, audio, and other applications • Error-handling and fault-recovery mechanisms built into the protocol NOTE � Computer systems that have an unshielded cable attached to a USB port may not meet FCC Class B requirements, even if no device or a low-speed USB device is attached to the cable. Use shielded cable that meets the requirements for full-speed devices. 1.6.5 IDE Support The motherboard has two independent bus-mastering PCI IDE interfaces. These interfaces support PIO Mode 3, PIO Mode 4, ATAPI devices (e.g., CD-ROM), and Ultra DMA/33 synchronous- DMA mode transfers. The IDE interface signals are routed to the NLX riser connector. The BIOS supports logical block addressing (LBA) and extended cylinder head sector (ECHS) translation modes. The BIOS automatically detects the IDE device transfer rate and translation mode. Programmed I/O operations usually require a substantial amount of processor bandwidth. However, in multitasking operating systems, the bandwidth freed by bus mastering IDE can be devoted to other tasks while disk transfers are occurring. 1.6.6 Real-time Clock, CMOS SRAM, and Battery The real-time clock is compatible with DS1287 and MC146818 components. The clock provides a time-of-day clock and a multi-century calendar with alarm features and century rollover. The real- time clock supports 256 bytes of battery-backed CMOS SRAM in two banks that are reserved for BIOS use. The time, date, and CMOS values can be specified in the Setup program. The CMOS values can be returned to their defaults by using the Setup program. An external coin-cell battery powers the real-time clock and CMOS memory. When the computer is not plugged into a wall socket, the battery has an estimated life of three years. When the computer is plugged in, the 3 V standby current from the power supply extends the life of the battery. The clock is accurate to ± 13 minutes/year at 25 ºC with 5 V applied. 16 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.7 I/O Interface Controller The motherboard uses the SMC FDC37C677 I/O controller which features: • ISA Plug-and-Play compatible register set • Two serial ports • FIFO support on both serial and floppy interfaces • One parallel port with ECP and EPP support † • PS/2 style mouse and keyboard interfaces • Supports BIOS setup for various configuration options 1.7.1 Serial Ports The motherboard has two 9-pin D-Sub serial port connectors located on the back panel. The NS16C550-compatible UARTs support data transfers at speeds up to 115.2 Kbits/sec with BIOS support. 1.7.2 Parallel Port The connector for the multimode bidirectional parallel port is a 25-pin D-Sub connector located on the back panel of the motherboard. In the Setup program, there are four options for parallel port operation: • Compatible (standard mode) • Bidirectional (PS/2 compatible) • Bidirectional Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP). A driver from the peripheral manufacturer is required for operation. See Section 6.2 for EPP compatibility. • Bidirectional high-speed Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) 1.7.3 Floppy Controller The I/O controller is software compatible with the DP8473 and 82077 floppy drive controllers. In the Setup program, the floppy interface can be configured for the following floppy drive capacities and sizes: • 360 KB, 5.25-inch • 1.2 MB, 5.25-inch • 720 KB, 3.5-inch • 1.2 MB, 3.5-inch (Mode 3 floppy support, driver required) • 1.25/1.44 MB, 3.5-inch • 2.88 MB, 3.5-inch • 120 MB (LS-120) The floppy disk interface signals are routed to the NLX riser connector. 17 Motherboard Description 1.7.4 PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse Interface PS/2 keyboard and mouse connectors are located on the back panel of the motherboard. The +5 V † lines to these connectors are protected with a PolySwitch circuit that, like a self-healing fuse, reestablishes the connection after an over-current condition is removed. While this device eliminates the possibility of having to replace a fuse, power to the computer should be turned off before connecting or disconnecting a keyboard or mouse. NOTE � You can plug the mouse and keyboard into either PS/2 connector. The keyboard controller contains code which provides the traditional keyboard and mouse control functions, and also supports Power On/Reset password protection. A Power On/Reset password can be specified in the Setup program. The keyboard controller also supports the hot-key sequence , software reset. This key sequence resets the computer’s software by jumping to the beginning of the BIOS code and running the Power On Self Test (POST). 1.8 Audio Subsystem 1.8.1 OPL3-SA3 Audio System The onboard audio subsystem features the Yamaha OPL3-SA3 (YMF715) device. The features of the device include: • A 16-bit audio codec • OPL3 FM synthesis • An integrated 3D enhanced stereo controller • Support for MPU-401 • Stereo analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters • Analog mixing, anti-aliasing, and reconstruction filters • 16-bit address decoding supported • Line, microphone, and monaural inputs • ADPCM, A-law, or μlaw digital audio compression and decompression • Full digital control of all mixer and volume control functions • Microphone input (Mic In) connector is jumper selectable between the back panel and the riser • Plug and Play compatible † • Sound Blaster Pro and Microsoft Windows Sound System compatible 18 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.8.2 Audio Subsystem Resources The following table shows the IRQ, DMA channel, and base I/O address options for the audio subsystem. Options are listed in order of preference specified by Yamaha. These options are automatically chosen by the Plug and Play interface, so there are no default settings. Onboard audio can be enabled or disabled in the Setup program. Table 2. Audio Subsystem Resources IRQ DMA channel I/O Address Resource (Options) (Options) (Options) † Sound Blaster 5, 7, 10, 11 0, 1, 3 220-22Fh (DMA playback, DMA shared with 240-24Fh Windows Sound System capture) 16 bytes on 16-byte boundary in the (5 is recommended) range of 220-280h Windows Sound System 5, 7, 10, 11 0, 1, 3 530-537h (DMA playback) E80-E87h 8 bytes on 8-byte boundary in the range of 530-F48h MPU-401 330-331h (IRQ shared with Sound Blaster) 300-301h 2 bytes on 2-byte boundary in the range of 300-334h † AdLib 388-38Dh 6 bytes on 8-byte boundary in the range of 388-3F8h 1.8.3 Audio Drivers and Utilities Audio software and utilities are available from Intel’s World Wide Web site (see Section 6.2). Audio driver support is provided for the Microsoft Windows 3.1, Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft Windows NT (versions 3.51 and 4.0), and IBM OS/2 Warp (versions 3.0 and 4.0) operating systems. 19 Motherboard Description 1.8.4 Audio Connectors The back panel includes the following audio connectors: • Line Out • Mic In 1.9 Hardware Monitor The optional hardware monitor component (National Semiconductor LM79) provides low-cost instrumentation capabilities designed to reduce the total cost of owning a PC when used with ® LANDesk Client Manager. The hardware implementation is a single-chip ASIC. Features include: • An integrated ambient temperature sensor • Fan speed sensors • Power supply voltage monitoring to detect levels above or below acceptable values • Remote reset capabilities from a remote peer or server through LANDesk Client Manager, Version 3.0 and service layers (when available) When suggested ratings for temperature, fan speed, or voltage are exceeded, an interrupt is activated. The hardware monitor component (LM79) connects to the system management bus. For more information on the LM79, see http://www.national.com. 20 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.10 Motherboard Connectors Figure 4 shows the connectors on the motherboard. A E B 1 D C 3 OM06341a A Supplemental connector D Fan connector B Riser connector E DIMM sockets C CPU slot Figure 4. Motherboard Connectors Table 3. Fan connector (J3A1) Pin Signal Name 1 GND 2 +12V 3 Tachometer 21 Motherboard Description 1.11 Back Panel Connectors Figure 5 shows the back panel I/O connectors. H DE F G I A B C OM06338a A Microphone Input F Serial Port B B Line Out G Serial Port A C USB H Parallel Port D Mouse/ Keyboard I VGA Video E Mouse/ Keyboard Figure 5. Back Panel I/O Connectors 22 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.12 Configuration Jumpers Figure 6 shows the location of the microphone input and configuration jumper blocks on the motherboard. 3 A 1 J8H1 3 B 1 J6C1 OM06339a A Microphone input select jumper B Configuration jumper Figure 6. Jumper Block Locations Table 4. Jumper Settings Function Jumper Block Configuration Mic In Selection J8H1 1-2 Front panel Mic In 2-3 Back panel Mic In (default) Configuration J6C1 Normal (default) 1-2 2-3 Configure none Recovery CAUTION Do not move any of the jumpers with the power on. Always turn off the power and unplug the power cord from the computer before changing jumpers. Changing the jumper settings when the power is off ensures that the changes will be recognized. 23 Motherboard Description 1.12.1 Mic In Selection Connect pins 1-2 with a jumper on the Mic In selection jumper block (J8H1) to route the Mic In input through the riser and disable Mic In through the back panel. Connect pins 2-3 with a jumper on the Mic In selection jumper block to route the Mic In input through the back panel and disable Mic In through the riser. 1.12.2 Normal Mode This mode is for normal computer booting and operations. Connect pins 1 and 2 with a jumper on the configuration jumper block (J6C1) to enable this mode. The BIOS uses the current bus/processor frequency ratio, configuration information, and passwords to boot the computer. Access to the Setup program can be restricted using a supervisor or user password. In normal mode, the BIOS attempts an automatic recovery if the configuration information in CMOS RAM is corrupted. 1.12.3 Configure Mode This mode is for configuring special BIOS settings, including processor speed and special maintenance options. This mode is used when upgrading the BIOS, upgrading the processor, or clearing the passwords. Connect pins 2 and 3 with a jumper on the configuration jumper block (J6C1) to enable this mode. In this mode, Setup automatically executes after the POST runs. No password is required, and this mode overrides any passwords that are set. The Maintenance menu is the first menu displayed. This menu provides options for setting the processor speed and clearing passwords. All other Setup screens are available. Configure mode uses the default BIOS settings for booting, not the current user or supervisor settings. The default settings include using the lowest bus/processor frequency ratio the processor supports. User and supervisor settings are preserved and used when the computer is rebooted. For the configuration changes to take effect after exiting the Setup program, power down the computer, set the configuration jumper to normal mode (see Section 1.12.2), and boot the computer. In configure mode, the BIOS attempts an automatic recovery if the configuration information CMOS RAM is corrupted. 1.12.4 Recovery Mode This mode is for upgrading the BIOS or recovering BIOS data. Remove the jumper (no pins connected) on the configuration jumper block (J6C1). After the computer is powered-on, the BIOS attempts to upgrade or recover the BIOS data from a floppy diskette in the floppy drive. If a diskette is not in the boot drive, the BIOS runs the POST, does not boot the operating system, and displays a message that the jumper is not properly installed. If the recovery fails with a diskette in the boot drive, a continuous, low-pitched, single beep indicates that the recovery failed. For the configuration changes to take effect after a successful recovery, power down the computer, set the configuration jumper to normal mode (see Section 1.12.2), and boot the computer. 24 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.13 NLX Card Edge Connectors The NLX riser connector on the motherboard consists of a 340 (2x170) position and a 26 (2x13) supplemental position gold finger contact. All edge connector pin definitions are defined in the NLX specification, version 1.2 (see Section 6.2). The motherboard supports the following signals: • PCI expansion slots • ISA expansion slots • IDE headers • 1 floppy drive header • Miscellaneous front panel signals including: USB, Mic In, and Line Out See Table 5 for the supplemental connector signals supported by the motherboard. NOTE � The riser must provide power to the motherboard. For power consumption information, see Section 1.16. 25 Motherboard Description 1.13.1 NLX Riser with Supplemental Connector Table 5. Signals, NLX Riser with Supplemental Connector (P9J1) Pin Signal Name Type I/O * Description Signal Type X1 CD_IN_LT AUDIO I CD-ROM line in left Analog 1V RMS X2 AGND PWR NA Low pass filtered ground for audio circuitry on NA the riser X3 MIC_IN AUDIO I Pre-amplified microphone input. Pre-amp Analog circuitry to reside on riser or in microphone 1V RMS X4 LINE_OUT_LT AUDIO O Analog line out left Analog 1V RMS X5 FP_SPKR_EN AUDIO I Not Supported TTL X6 VOL_DN# AUDIO I Not Supported TTL X7 GND PWR NA Ground NA X8 SMI# SYS I Not Supported open drain X9 RESERVED RES NA Reserved NA X10 RESERVED RES NA Reserved NA X11 RESERVED RES NA Reserved NA X12 AGND PWR NA Low pass filtered ground for audio circuitry on NA the riser X13 MODEM_MIC AUDIO O Pre-amplified microphone mono output signal Analog from motherboard to telephony device 1V RMS Y1 CD_IN_RT AUDIO I CD-ROM line in right Analog 1V RMS Y2 CD_IN_GND PWR I Isolated CD-ROM Ground NA Y3 AVCC PWR O Clean power from the motherboard to audio 5-9V DC circuitry on the NLX riser; could be an isolated power source; 1.5 Ampere max. limitation because of the connector / gold finger limitation Y4 LINE_OUT_RT AUDIO O Analog line out right Analog 1V RMS Y5 FP_MIC_EN AUDIO I Not Supported TTL Y6 VOL_UP# AUDIO I Not Supported TTL Y7 AC_RST# AC’97 O Not Supported TTL Y8 AC_SD_IN AC’97 I Not Supported TTL Y9 GROUND PWR NA Digital (main motherboard) ground plane NA Y10 AC_SD_OUT AC’97 O Not Supported TTL Y11 AC_SYNC AC’97 O Not Supported TTL Y12 AC_BIT_CLK AC’97 I Not Supported TTL Y13 MODEM_SPKR AUDIO O Analog mono output signal from telephony Analog device to motherboard 1V RMS * I/O column: relative to motherboard, “O” = output, from motherboard to riser; “I” = input, from riser to motherboard. 26 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.14 Reliability The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) data is calculated from predicted data at 55 ºC. Motherboard MTBF: 131,473 hours 1.15 Environmental Table 6. Motherboard Environmental Specifications Parameter Specification Temperature Non-Operating -40 °C to +70 °C Operating 0 °C to +55 °C Shock Unpackaged 50 G trapezoidal waveform Velocity change of 170 inches/second Packaged Half sine 2 millisecond Product Weight Free Fall (inches) Velocity Change (inches/sec) <20 lbs. 36 167 21-40 lbs. 30 152 41-80 lbs. 24 136 81-100 lbs. 18 118 Vibration Unpackaged 5 Hz to 20 Hz : 0.01g² Hz sloping up to 0.02 g² Hz 20 Hz to 500 Hz : 0.02g² Hz (flat) Packaged 10 Hz to 40 Hz : 0.015g² Hz (flat) 40 Hz to 500 Hz : 0.015g² Hz sloping down to 0.00015 g² Hz 27 Motherboard Description 1.16 Power Consumption Table 7 lists power usage for a computer that contains the motherboard, a 266 MHz Pentium II processor, 32 MB RAM, 512 KB cache, 3.5-inch floppy drive, 1.6 GB IDE hard drive, and a 8X IDE CD-ROM. This information is provided only as a guide for calculating approximate power usage with additional resources added. Values for the Windows 95 desktop mode are measured at 1024 x 768 x 16 bit colors and 72 Hz refresh rate. AC watts are measured with a typical 75 W supply, nominal input voltage and frequency, with true RMS wattmeter at the line input. Table 7. Power Usage DC (amps) at: Mode AC (watts) +3.3 V +5 V -5 V +12 V -12 V DOS prompt, APM disabled 47.82 4.23 5.64 0 0.432 0.04 Windows 95 desktop, APM disabled 52.92 4.23 6.64 0 0.44 0.04 (Normal) Windows 95 desktop, APM enabled, in 41.09 2.22 5.6 0 0.44 0.04 System Management Mode (SMM) (Suspend) 1.16.1 Power Supply Considerations For typical configurations, the motherboard is designed to operate with at least a 75 W NLX power supply (see Section 6.2 for the specification). A higher-wattage power supply should be used for heavily-loaded configurations. The power supply must comply with the following recommendations found in the indicated sections of the NLX power supply specification: • The potential relation between 3.3VDC and +5VDC power rails (Section 4.2) • The current capability of the +5VSB line (Section 4.2.1.2) • All timing parameters (Section 4.2.1.3) • All voltage tolerances (Section 4.2.2) 28 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 1.17 Regulatory Compliance This printed circuit board assembly complies with the following safety and EMI regulations when correctly installed in a compatible host system. Table 8. Safety Regulations Regulation Title UL 1950 - CSA 950-95, 3rd edition, The Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment Dated 07-28-95 including Electrical Business Equipment. (USA & Canada) CSA C22.2 No. 950-95 3rd edition, The Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment Dated 07-28-95 including Electrical Business Equipment. (Canada) EN 60 950, 2nd edition, 1992 (with The Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment Amendments 1, 2 & 3) including Electrical Business Equipment. (European Union) IEC 950, 2nd edition, 1991 (with The Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment Amendments 1-4) including Electrical Business Equipment. (International) EMKO-TSE (74-SEC) 207/94 Summary of Nordic deviations to EN 60 950. (Norway, Sweden, Denmark & Finland) Table 9. EMI Regulations Regulation Title FCC Class B Title 47, Code of Federal Regulations; General rules and regulations, & Radio Frequency devices. Product compliance is verified using limits from CISPR 22 (frequencies to 1 GHz) and FCC Rules, Section 15.109(a) (frequencies to 1 GHz) and test criteria as defined in ANSI C63.4 and Section 15.32 (a) of the FCC Rules. CISPR 22, 2nd Edition, 1993 Limits and methods of measurement of Radio Interference Characteristics of Information Technology Equipment. (International) EN 55 022, 1995 Limits and methods of measurement of Radio Interference Characteristics of Information Technology Equipment. (Europe) EN 50 082-1 (1992) Generic Immunity Standard; Currently compliance is determined via testing to IEC 801-2, -3, and -4. (Europe) VCCI Class 2 (ITE) Implementation Regulations for Voluntary Control of Radio Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines. (Japan) ICES-003, Issue 2 Interference-Causing Equipment Standard, Digital Apparatus. (Canada) 1.17.1 Product Certification Markings This printed circuit board assembly has the following product certification markings: • European CE Marking: Consists of a marking on the board and shipping container. • UL Recognition Mark: Consists of the UL File No. E139761 on the component side of the board and the PB No. on the solder side of the board. Board material flammability is 94V-1 or -0. • Canadian Compliance: Consists of small c followed by a stylized backward UR on component side of the board. 29 Motherboard Description 30 2 Motherboard Resources NOTE � For more detailed information about the resources used for onboard audio, see the Audio Subsystem section in Chapter 1. 2.1 Memory Map Table 10. Memory Map Address Range (decimal) Address Range (hex) Size Description 1024 K - 262144 K 100000 - 10000000 255 MB Extended Memory 1008 K - 1024 K FC000 - FFFFF 16 KB Boot block 1000 K - 1008 K FA000 - FBFFF 8 KB ESCD (Plug and Play configuration and DMI) 996 K - 1000 K F9000 - F9FFF 4 KB Reserved for BIOS 992 K - 996 K F8000 - F8FFF 4 KB OEM Logo or Scan User Flash 928 K - 992 K E8000 - F7FFF 64 KB POST BIOS 896 K - 928 K E0000 - E7FFF 32 KB POST BIOS (Available as UMB) 800 K - 896 K C8000 - DFFFF 96 KB Available high DOS memory (open to ISA and PCI bus) 640 K - 800 K A0000 - C7FFF 160 KB Video memory and BIOS 639 K - 640 K 9FC00 - 9FFFF 1 KB Extended BIOS data (movable by memory manager software) 512 K - 639 K 80000 - 9FBFF 127 KB Extended conventional memory 0 K - 512 K 00000 - 7FFFF 512 KB Conventional memory 2.2 DMA Channels Table 11. DMA Channels DMA Channel Number Data Width System Resource 0 8 or 16 bits Audio 1 8 or 16 bits Audio / Parallel Port 2 8 or 16 bits Floppy Drive 3 8 or 16 bits Parallel Port (for ECP or EPP) / Audio 4 Reserved - Cascade Channel 5 16 bits Open 6 16 bits Open 7 16 bits Open 31 Motherboard Resources 2.3 I/O Map Table 12. I/O Map Address (hex) Size Description 0000 - 000F 16 bytes PIIX4- DMA 1 0020 - 0021 2 bytes PIIX4 - interrupt controller 1 002E - 002F 2 bytes I/O controller configuration registers 0040 - 0043 4 bytes PIIX4 - Counter/Timer 1 0048 - 004B 4 bytes PIIX4- Counter/Timer 2 0060 1 byte Keyboard Controller Byte - Reset IRQ 0061 1 byte PIIX4 - NMI, Speaker Control 0064 1 byte Keyboard controller, CMD/STAT Byte 0070, bit 7 1 bit PIIX4 - enable NMI 0070, bits 6:0 7 bits PIIX4 - real time clock, address 0071 1 byte PIIX4 - real time clock, data 0078 1 byte Reserved - motherboard configuration 0079 1 byte Reserved - motherboard configuration 0080 - 008F 16 bytes PIIX4 - DMA page registers 00A0 - 00A1 2 bytes PIIX4 - interrupt controller 2 00B2 - 00B3 2 bytes APM control 00C0 - 00DE 31 bytes PIIX4 - DMA 2 00F0 1 byte Reset numeric error 0170 - 0177 8 bytes Secondary IDE channel 01F0 - 01F7 8 bytes Primary IDE channel 0200 - 0207 8 bytes Audio 0220 - 022F 16 bytes Audio (Sound Blaster compatible) 0240 - 024F 16 bytes Audio (Sound Blaster compatible) 0278 - 027F 8 bytes LPT2 02E8 - 02EF 8 bytes COM4/Video (8514A) 02F8 - 02FF 8 bytes COM2 0300 - 0301 2 bytes MPU-401 (MIDI) 0330 - 0331 2 bytes MPU-401 (MIDI) 0332 - 0333 2 bytes MPU-401 (MIDI) 0334 - 0335 2 bytes MPU-401 (MIDI) 0376 1 byte Secondary IDE channel command port 0377 1 byte Floppy channel 2 command 0377, bit 7 1 bit Floppy disk change, channel 2 0377, bits 6:0 7 bits Secondary IDE channel status port 0378 - 037F 8 bytes LPT1 0388 - 038D 6 bytes AdLib (FM synthesizer) continued � 32 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification (continued) Table 12. I/O Map Address (hex) Size Description 03B4 - 03B5 2 bytes Video (VGA) 03BA 1 byte Video (VGA) 03BC - 03BF 4 bytes LPT3 03C0 - 03CA 11 bytes Video (VGA) 03CC 1 byte Video (VGA) 03CE - 03CF 2 bytes Video (VGA) 03D4 - 03D5 2 bytes Video (VGA) 03DA 1 byte Video (VGA) 03E8 - 03EF 8 bytes COM3 03F0 - 03F5 6 bytes Floppy Channel 1 03F6 1 byte Primary IDE channel command port 03F7 (Write) 1 byte Floppy channel 1 command 03F7, bit 7 1 bit Floppy disk change channel 1 03F7, bits 6:0 7 bits Primary IDE channel status port 03F8 - 03FF 8 bytes COM1 04D0 - 04D1 2 bytes Edge/level triggered PIC 0530 - 0537 8 bytes Windows Sound System 0604 - 060B 8 bytes Windows Sound System LPTn + 400h 8 bytes ECP port, LPTn base address + 400h 0CF8 - 0CFB* 4 bytes PCI configuration address register 0CF9** 1 byte Turbo and reset control register 0CFC - 0CFF 4 bytes PCI configuration data register 0E80 - 0E87 8 bytes Windows Sound System 0F40 - 0F47 8 bytes Windows Sound System 0F86 - 0F87 2 bytes Yamaha OPL3-SA3 configuration 7000 - 700D 14 bytes SM Bus I/O space Registers 8000 - 8037 56 bytes Power Management I/O space Registers FF00 - FF07 8 bytes IDE bus master register FFA0 - FFA7 8 bytes Primary bus master IDE registers FFA8 - FFAF 8 bytes Secondary bus master IDE registers * DWORD access only ** Byte access only NOTE � See the Audio section(s) in Chapter 1 for specific I/O addresses that can be used by the audio components on your motherboard. This table does not list I/O addresses that may be used by add-in cards in the system. 33 Motherboard Resources 2.4 PCI Configuration Space Map Table 13. PCI Configuration Space Map Bus Device Function Number (hex) Number (hex) Number (hex) Description 00 00 00 Intel 82443LX (PAC) 00 01 00 Intel 82443LX (PIIX4 ) A.G.P. bus 00 07 00 Intel 82371AB (PIIX4 ) PCI/ISA bridge 00 07 01 Intel 82371AB (PIIX4 ) IDE bus master 00 07 02 Intel 82371AB (PIIX4 ) USB 00 07 03 Intel 82371AB (PIIX4 ) power management 01 00 00 Cirrus Logic CL-GD5465 A.G.P. graphics accelerator (Video) 2.5 Interrupts Table 14. Interrupts IRQ System Resource NMI I/O Channel Check 0 Reserved, Interval Timer 1 Reserved, Keyboard Buffer Full 2 Reserved, Cascade Interrupt From Slave PIC 3 COM2* 4 COM1* 5 LPT2 (Plug and Play option) / Audio / User available 6 Floppy Drive 7 LPT1* 8 Real Time Clock 9 User available 10 User available 11 Windows Sound System* / User available 12 Onboard Mouse Port (if present, else user available) 13 Reserved, Math Coprocessor 14 Primary IDE (if present, else user available) 15 Secondary IDE (if present, else user available) * Default, but can be changed to another IRQ 34 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 2.6 PCI Interrupt Routing Map The PCI specification enables devices attached to the PCI bus to share interrupts. In most cases, the small amount of latency added by interrupt sharing does not affect the operation or throughput of the devices. However, to achieve the maximum performance of a device, a dedicated IRQ can be specified in Setup to prevent interrupt sharing. This section describes how the interrupt sharing mechanism works and how the interrupt signals are connected to the PCI expansion slots on an NLX riser card and installed PCI devices. This information can be used to specify the interrupt scheme for PCI add-in cards. PCI devices are categorized by interrupt groupings as follows: • INTA: By default, all add-in cards that require only one interrupt are in this category. For almost all cards that require more than one interrupt, the first interrupt on the card is also classified as INTA. • INTB: Generally, the second interrupt on add-in cards that require two or more interrupts is classified as INTB. (This is not an absolute requirement.) • INTC and INTD: Generally, a third interrupt on add-in cards is classified as INTC and a fourth interrupt is classified as INTD. The PIIX4 PCI-to-ISA bridge has four Programmable Interrupt Request (PIRQ) input signals. Any PCI interrupt source (either onboard or from a PCI add-in card) connects to one of these PIRQ signals. Because there are only four signals, some PCI interrupt sources are mechanically tied together on the motherboard and therefore share the same interrupt. Table 15 lists the PIRQ signals and shows how the signals are connected to onboard PCI interrupt sources and how the signals could be connected to an NLX riser card. Table 15. PCI Interrupt Routing Map PIIX4 PIRQ Signal Onboard Video USB Power Management PIRQA X PIRQB PIRQC PIRQD X X NOTE � The PIIX4 can connect each PIRQ line internally to one of the IRQ signals (3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 15). Typically, a device that does not share a PIRQ line will have a unique interrupt. However, in certain interrupt-constrained situations, it is possible for two or more of the PIRQ lines to be connected to the same IRQ signal. 35 Motherboard Resources 36 3 Overview of BIOS Features 3.1 Introduction The motherboard uses an Intel/Phoenix BIOS, which is stored in flash memory and can be upgraded using a disk-based program. In addition to the BIOS, the flash memory contains the Setup program, Power-On Self Test (POST), Advanced Power Management (APM) code, the PCI auto-configuration utility, and Windows 95-ready Plug and Play code. See Section 6.2 for the supported versions of these specifications. This motherboard supports system BIOS shadowing, allowing the BIOS to execute from 64-bit onboard write-protected DRAM. The BIOS displays a message during POST identifying the type of BIOS and the revision code. The initial production BIOS is identified as 4L4ML0X0.86A. 3.2 BIOS Upgrades The BIOS can be upgraded to a new version from a diskette using the Intel Flash Memory Update Utility. This utility does BIOS upgrades as follows: • Updates the flash BIOS from a file on a disk • Updates the language section of the BIOS • Makes sure that the upgrade BIOS matches the target system to prevent accidentally installing a BIOS for a different type of system. BIOS upgrades and the Intel Flash Memory Update Utility are available from Intel through the Intel World Wide Web site. See Section 6.1 for information about this site. NOTE � Please review the instructions distributed with the upgrade utility before attempting a BIOS upgrade. 37 Overview of BIOS Features 3.3 BIOS Flash Memory Organization The 2-Mbit flash component is organized as 256 KB x 8 bits and is divided into areas as described in Table 16. The table shows the addresses in the ROM image in normal mode (the addresses change in BIOS Recovery Mode). Table 16. Flash Memory Organization Address (Hex) Size Description FFFFC000 - FFFFFFFF 16 KB Boot Block FFFFA000 - FFFFBFFF 8 KB Vital Product Data (VPD) (DMI configuration data) / Extended System Configuration Data (ESCD) (Plug and Play data) FFFF9000 - FFFF9FFF 4 KB Used by BIOS (e.g., for event logging) FFFF8000 - FFFF8FFF 4 KB OEM logo or scan flash area FFFC0000 - FFFF7FFF 224 KB Main BIOS Block 3.4 Plug and Play: PCI Autoconfiguration The BIOS automatically configures PCI devices and Plug and Play devices. PCI devices may be onboard or add-in cards. Plug and Play devices are ISA add-in cards built to meet the Plug and Play specification. Autoconfiguration lets a user insert or remove PCI or Plug and Play cards without having to configure the system. When a user turns on the system after adding a PCI or Plug and Play card, the BIOS automatically configures interrupts, the I/O space, and other system resources. Any interrupts set to Available in Setup are considered to be available for use by the add-in card. PCI interrupts are distributed to available ISA interrupts that have not been assigned to an ISA card or to system resources. The assignment of PCI interrupts to ISA IRQs is non-deterministic. PCI devices can share an interrupt, but an ISA device cannot share an interrupt allocated to PCI or to another ISA device. Autoconfiguration information is stored in the extended system configuration data (ESCD) format. For information about the versions of PCI and Plug and Play supported by this BIOS, see Section 6.2. Copies of the specifications can be obtained from the Intel World Wide Web site (see Section 6.2). 38 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 3.5 PCI IDE Support If Auto is selected as the configuration mode for a primary or secondary IDE device (see Section 4.2.2) in Setup, the BIOS automatically sets up the two local-bus IDE connectors with independent I/O channel support. The IDE interface supports hard drives up to PIO Mode 4 and recognizes any ATAPI devices, including CD-ROM drives and tape drives (see Section 6.2 for the supported version of ATAPI). The BIOS determines the capabilities of each drive and configures them so as to optimize capacity and performance. To take advantage of the high-capacity storage devices, hard drives are automatically configured for logical block addressing (LBA) and to PIO Mode 3 or 4, depending on the capability of the drive. To override the autoconfiguration options, use the specific IDE device options in Setup. The ATAPI specification recommends that ATAPI devices be configured as shown in Table 17. Table 17. Recommendations for Configuring an ATAPI Device Primary Cable Secondary Cable Drive 0 Drive 1 Drive 0 Drive 1 Configuration Normal, no ATAPI ATA Disk and CD-ROM for enhanced IDE systems ATA ATAPI Legacy IDE system with only one cable ATA ATAPI Enhanced IDE with CD-ROM and a tape or two CD-ROMs ATA ATAPI ATAPI 3.6 ISA Plug and Play If Plug and Play operating system (see Section 4.3) is selected in Setup, the BIOS autoconfigures only ISA Plug and Play cards that are required for booting (IPL devices). If Plug and Play operating system is not selected in Setup, the BIOS autoconfigures all Plug and Play ISA cards. 3.7 ISA Legacy Devices Since ISA legacy devices are not autoconfigurable, the resources for them must be reserved. Resources can be reserved in the Setup program. 39 Overview of BIOS Features 3.8 Desktop Management Interface (DMI) Desktop Management Interface (DMI) is an interface for managing computers in an enterprise environment. The main component of DMI is the management information format (MIF) database, which contains information about the computing system and its components. Using DMI, a system administrator can obtain the system types, capabilities, operational status, and installation dates for system components. The MIF database defines the data and provides the method for accessing this information. The BIOS enables applications such as Intel LANDesk Client Manager to use DMI. The BIOS stores and reports the following DMI information: • BIOS data, such as the BIOS revision level • Fixed-system data, such as peripherals, serial numbers, and asset tags • Resource data, such as memory size, cache size, and processor speed • Dynamic data, such as event detection and error logging OEMs can use a utility that programs flash memory so the BIOS can report on system and chassis information. This utility is available through Intel sales offices. See Section 6.2 for information about contacting a local Intel sales office. See Section 6.2 for information about the latest DMI specification. DMI does not work directly under non-Plug and Play operating systems (e.g., Windows NT). However, the BIOS supports a DMI table interface for such operating systems. Using this support, a DMI service-level application running on a non-Plug and Play OS can access the DMI BIOS information. 3.9 Advanced Power Management (APM) The BIOS supports APM and standby mode. See Section 6.2 for the version of the APM specification that is supported. The energy saving standby mode can be initiated in the following ways: • Time-out period specified in Setup • Suspend/resume switch connected to the front panel sleep connector • From the operating system, such as the Suspend menu item in Windows 95 In standby mode, the motherboard reduces power consumption by using SMM capabilities, † spinning down hard drives, and reducing power to or turning off VESA DPMS-compliant monitors. Power-management mode can be enabled or disabled in Setup (see Section 4.5). While in standby mode, the system retains the ability to respond to external interrupts and service requests, such as incoming faxes or network messages. Any keyboard or mouse activity brings the system out of standby mode and immediately restores power to the monitor. The BIOS enables APM by default; but the operating system must support an APM driver for the power-management features to work. For example, Windows 95 supports the power-management features upon detecting that APM is enabled in the BIOS. 40 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 3.10 Language Support Five languages are available at this time: American English, German, Italian, French, and Spanish. The Setup program and help messages can be supported in 32 languages. The BIOS includes extensions to support the Kanji character set and other non-ASCII character sets. Translations of other languages may become available at a later date. The default language is American English, which is always present unless another language is programmed into the BIOS using the flash memory update utilities. See Section 3.2 for information about the BIOS update utility. 3.11 Boot Options In the Setup program, the user can choose to boot from a floppy drive, hard drive, CD-ROM, the network, or the LANDesk Service Agent. The default setting is for the floppy drive to be the primary boot device and the hard drive to be the secondary boot device. By default the third and fourth devices are disabled. Booting from CD-ROM is supported in compliance to the El Torito bootable CD-ROM format specification. See Section 6.2 for information about the El Torito specification. Under the Boot menu in the Setup program, CD-ROM is listed as a boot device. Boot devices are defined in priority order. If the CD-ROM is selected as the boot device, it must be the first device. The network can be selected as a boot device. This selection allows booting from a network add-in card with a remote boot ROM installed. 3.12 OEM Logo or Scan Area A 4 KB flash memory user area at memory location FFFF8000h-FFFF8FFFh is for displaying a custom OEM logo during POST. A utility is available from Intel to assist with installing a logo into the flash memory. Contact Intel customer support for further information. See Section 6.2 for information on contacting Intel customer support. 41 Overview of BIOS Features 3.13 USB Legacy Support USB legacy support enables USB keyboards and mice to be used even when no operating system USB drivers are in place. By default, USB legacy support is disabled. USB legacy support is only intended to be used in accessing BIOS Setup and installing an operating system that supports USB. This sequence describes how USB legacy support operates in the default (disabled) mode. 1. When you power up the computer, USB legacy support is disabled. 2. POST begins. 3. USB legacy support is temporarily enabled by the BIOS. This allows you to use a USB keyboard to enter the Setup program or the maintenance mode. 4. POST completes and disables USB legacy support (unless it was set to Enabled while in Setup) 5. The operating system loads. While the operating system is loading, USB keyboards and mice are not detected. After the operating system loads the USB drivers, the USB devices are detected. To install an operating system that supports USB, enable USB Legacy support in BIOS Setup and follow the operating system’s installation instructions. Once the operating system is installed and the USB drivers configured, USB legacy support is no longer used. USB Legacy Support can be left enabled in BIOS Setup if needed. Notes on using USB legacy support: • If USB legacy support is enabled, don't mix USB and PS/2 keyboards and mice. For example, do not use a PS/2 keyboard with a USB mouse, or a USB keyboard and a PS/2 mouse. • Do not use USB devices with an operating system that does not support USB. USB legacy is not intended to support the use of USB devices in a non USB operating system. • USB legacy support is for keyboards and mice only. Hubs and other USB devices are not supported. 42 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 3.14 BIOS Setup Access Access to the Setup program can be restricted using passwords. User and supervisor passwords can be set using the Security menu in Setup. The default is no passwords enabled. See Section 4.4 for information about setting user and supervisor passwords. 3.15 Recovering BIOS Data Some types of failure can destroy the BIOS. For example, the data can be lost if a power outage occurs while the BIOS is being updated in flash memory. The BIOS can be recovered from a diskette using the BIOS recovery mode (see Section 1.12.4). To create a BIOS recovery diskette, a bootable diskette must be created and the recovery files copied to it. The recovery files are available from Intel, contact Intel customer support for further information. See Section 6.2 for information on contacting Intel customer support. 43 Overview of BIOS Features 44 4 BIOS Setup Program The Setup program is for viewing and changing the BIOS settings for a computer. Setup is accessed by pressing the key after the Power-On Self Test (POST) memory test begins and before the operating system boot begins. Table 18 shows the menus available from the menu bar at the top of the Setup screen. Table 18. Setup Menu Bar Setup Menu Screen Description Maintenance Sets the processor speed and clears the Setup passwords. Main Allocates resources for hardware components. Advanced Sets advanced features available through the AGPset. Security Sets passwords and security features. Power Sets power management features. Boot Sets boot options and power supply controls. Exit Saves or discards changes. Table 19 shows the function keys available for menu screens. Table 19. Setup Function Keys Setup Key Description or Brings up a help screen for the current item. Exits the menu. <←> or <→> Selects a different menu screen. <↑> or <↓> Moves cursor up or down. or Moves cursor to top or bottom of the window. or Moves cursor to top or bottom of the window. or <-> Selects the previous value for a field. or <+> or Selects the next value for a field. Load the default configuration values for the current menu. Save the current values and exit Setup. Executes command or selects the submenu. <+> or <-> Moves a device or class of devices up or down in the boot order. 45 BIOS Setup Program 4.1 Maintenance Menu This menu is for setting the processor speed and clearing the Setup passwords. Setup displays this menu only in configure mode. See Section 1.12.3 for information about setting configure mode. Table 20. Maintenance Menu Feature Options Description Processor Speed • 233 Specifies the processor speed in megahertz. • 266 • 300 Clear All Passwords None Clears the user and supervisor passwords. 4.2 Main Menu This menu displays processor and memory information, and is used to configure the language, system date, system time, floppy options, and IDE devices. Table 21. Main Menu Feature Options Description Processor Type None Displays processor type. Processor Speed None Displays processor speed. Cache RAM None Displays size of L2 cache. Total Memory None Displays the total amount of RAM on the motherboard. BIOS Version None Displays the version of the BIOS. Language • English (US) Selects the current default language used by the BIOS. (default) • Italiana • Français • Deutsche • Español System Time Hour, minute, Specifies the current time. and second System Date Month, day, and Specifies the current date. year Floppy Options, None Configures the diskette drives. When selected, displays the submenu Floppy Options submenu. See Section 4.2.1. Primary IDE Master, None Reports type of a connected IDE device. When selected, displays submenu the Primary IDE Master submenu. See Section 4.2.2. Primary IDE Slave, None Reports type of a connected IDE device. When selected, displays submenu the Primary IDE Slave submenu. See Section 4.2.2. Secondary IDE None Reports type of a connected IDE device. When selected, displays Master, submenu the Secondary IDE Master submenu. See Section 4.2.2. Secondary IDE None Reports type of a connected IDE device. When selected, displays Slave, submenu the Secondary IDE Slave submenu. See Section 4.2.2. 46 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 4.2.1 Floppy Options Submenu This submenu is used to configure floppy drives. Table 22. Floppy Options Submenu Feature Options Description Diskette A: • Disabled Specifies the capacity and physical size of the diskette drive A:. • 360 KB, 5.25 inch • 1.2 MB, 5.25 inch • 720 KB, 3.5 inch • 1.44/1.25 MB, 3.5 inch (default) • 2.88 MB, 3.5 inch Diskette B: • Disabled (default) Specifies the capacity and physical size • 360 KB, 5.25 inch of the diskette drive B:. • 1.2 MB, 5.25 inch • 720 KB, 3.5 inch • 1.44/1.25 MB, 3.5 inch • 2.88 MB, 3.5 inch Floppy Write Protect Disables or enables write protect for the • Disabled (default) diskette drive(s). • Enabled 47 BIOS Setup Program 4.2.2 IDE Device Configuration Submenus This submenu is used to configure the IDE device features for the following: • Primary IDE master • Primary IDE slave • Secondary IDE master • Secondary IDE slave Table 23. IDE Device Configuration Submenus Feature Options Description Type Specifies the IDE configuration mode for IDE • None • ATAPI Removable devices. CD-ROM • User allows the cylinders, heads, and sectors • IDE Removable fields to be changed. • User Auto automatically fills in the values for the • Auto (default) cylinders, heads, and sectors fields. Cylinders 1 to XXXX Specifies number of disk cylinders. Heads 1 to 16 Specifies number of disk heads. Sectors 1 to 64 Specifies number of disk sectors. Maximum Capacity None Reports maximum capacity for the hard disk. Value calculated from number of cylinders, heads, and sectors. Multi-Sector Transfers Specifies number of sectors per block for • Disabled transfers from the hard drive to memory. • 2 Sectors • 4 Sectors Check the hard drive’s specifications for optimum • 8 Sectors setting of this feature. • 16 Sectors (default) LBA Mode Control Enables or disables logical block addressing (LBA) • Disabled in place of the Cylinders, Heads, and Sectors • Enabled (default) fields. CAUTION Changing the LBA Mode Control after a hard drive was formatted can corrupt data on the hard drive. Transfer Mode Specifies method for transferring data between • Standard (default) the hard drive and system memory. • Fast PIO 1 • Fast PIO 2 • Fast PIO 3 Fast PIO 4 • Ultra DMA Disabled (default) Specifies the ultra DMA mode for the hard drive. • Mode 0 • • Mode 1 • Mode 2 48 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 4.3 Advanced Menu This menu is used to configure advanced features available through the motherboard’s AGPset. Table 24. Advanced Menu Feature Options Description Plug & Play O/S • No Specifies if a Plug and Play operating system is being used. • Yes (default) No lets BIOS configure all devices. Yes lets the operating system configure Plug and Play devices. Not required with a Plug and Play operating system. Reset Configuration Data Clears the BIOS configuration data on the next boot. • No (default) • Yes Memory Cache Enables or disables the memory cache. • Disabled • Enabled (default) ECC Configuration • Non-ECC Sets memory ECC Configuration State. (default) This option is visible if there is only ECC memory in • ECC the system. Memory Bank 0 None Displays information about memory bank 0. Memory Bank 1 None Displays information about memory bank 1. Resource Configuration, None Configures memory blocks and IRQs for legacy ISA submenu devices. When selected, displays the Resource Configuration submenu. See Section 0. Peripheral Configuration, None Configures peripheral ports and devices. When submenu selected, displays the Peripheral Configuration submenu. See Section 0. Keyboard Configuration, None Configures keyboard features. When selected, submenu displays the Keyboard Configuration submenu. See Section 4.3.3. Video Configuration, None Configures video features. When selected, displays submenu the Video Configuration submenu. See Section 4.3.4. DMI Event Logging, None Configures DMI Event Logging. When selected, submenu displays the DMI Event Logging submenu. See Section 4.3.5. 49 BIOS Setup Program 4.3.1 Resource Configuration Submenu This submenu is used to configure memory and interrupts. Table 25. Resource Configuration Submenu Feature Options Description Memory • C800 - CBFF Available (default) | Reserved Reserves specific Reservation • CC00- CFFF Available (default) | Reserved upper memory blocks for use by legacy ISA • D000 - D3FF Available (default) | Reserved devices. • D400 - D7FF Available (default) | Reserved • D800 - DBFF Available (default) | Reserved • DC00 - DFFF Available (default) | Reserved • Memory hole Disabled (default) | Conventional | Extended IRQ • IRQ3 Available (default) | Reserved Reserves specific Reservation • IRQ4 Available (default) | Reserved IRQs for use by • IRQ5 Available (default) | Reserved legacy ISA devices. • IRQ7 Available (default) | Reserved • IRQ9 ** • IRQ10 Available (default) | Reserved • IRQ11 Available (default) | Reserved • IRQ15 Available (default) | Reserved An * (asterisk) next to an IRQ indicates an IRQ conflict. ** Used by PIIX4 SM Bus 50 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 4.3.2 Peripheral Configuration Submenu This submenu is used to configure the peripheral interfaces. Table 26. Peripheral Configuration Submenu Feature Options Description Serial Port A • Disabled Used to configure serial port A. • Enabled Auto assigns the first free COM port, normally COM1, • Auto (default) the address 3F8h and the interrupt IRQ4. An * (asterisk) indicates a conflict with another device. Serial Port B • Disabled Used to configure serial port B. • Enabled Auto assigns the first free COM port, normally COM2, • Auto (default) the address 2F8h and the interrupt IRQ3. An * (asterisk) indicates a conflict with another device. If either serial port address is set, that address will not appear in the list of options for the other serial port. † † If an ATI mach32 or an ATI mach64 video controller is active as an add-in card, the COM4, 2E8h address will not appear in the list of options for either serial port. Mode • Normal (default) Sets the mode for serial port B for normal (COM 2) or • IrDA infrared applications. • ASK-IR Parallel Port • Disabled Configures the parallel port. • Enabled Auto assigns LPT1 the address 378h and the interrupt • Auto (default) IRQ7. An * (asterisk) indicates a conflict with another device. Mode Selects the mode for the parallel port. • Output Only † • Bidirectional (default) Output Only operates in AT -compatible mode. • EPP Bidirectional operates in bidirectional PS/2-compatible • ECP mode. EPP is Extended Parallel Port mode, a high-speed bidirectional mode. ECP is Enhanced Capabilities Port mode, a high-speed bidirectional mode. Floppy Disk • Disabled Configures the floppy disk controller. Controller • Enabled (default) IDE Controller • Disabled Configures the IDE controller. • Primary • Secondary • Both (default) (primary and secondary) Audio • Disabled Enables or disables the onboard audio subsystem. • Enabled (default) LAN • Disabled Configures the LAN device. This option appears only if a • Enabled (default) LAN controller is detected. Legacy USB • Disabled (default) Enables or disables BIOS support for USB keyboards Support • Enabled and mice. 51 BIOS Setup Program 4.3.3 Keyboard Configuration Submenu Table 27. Keyboard Configuration Submenu Feature Options Description Num Lock • Auto (default) Sets the power on state of the Num Lock • On feature on the numeric keypad of the keyboard. • Off Key Click • Disabled (default) Enables the key click option. • Enabled Keyboard Auto-repeat Rate • 30/sec (default) Selects the key repeat rate. • 26.7/sec • 21.8/sec • 18.5/sec • 13.3/sec • 10/sec • 6/sec • 2/sec Keyboard Auto-repeat Delay • ¼ sec Selects the delay before key repeat. • ½ sec (default) • ¾ sec • 1 sec 4.3.4 Video Configuration Submenu Table 28. Video Configuration Submenu Feature Options Description Palette Snooping • Disabled (default) Controls the ability of a primary PCI graphics • Enabled controller to share a common palette with an ISA add-in video card. 4.3.5 DMI Event Logging Submenu Table 29. DMI Event Logging Submenu Feature Options Description Event Log Capacity None Indicates if there is space available in the event log. Event Log Validity None Indicates if the contents of the event log are valid. View DMI Event Log None Enables viewing of DMI Event Log. Clear All DMI Event Logs • No (default) Clears the DMI Event Log after rebooting. • Yes Event Logging • Disabled Enables logging of DMI events. • Enabled (default) ECC Event Logging • Disabled (default) Enables logging of ECC events. • Enabled Mark DMI Events as read None Marks all DMI events as read. 52 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 4.4 Security Menu This menu is used for setting passwords and security features for the computer. Table 30. Security Menu Feature Options Description User Password Is None Reports if there is a user password set. Supervisor Password Is None Reports if there is a supervisor password set. Set User Password Password can be up to seven Sets the user password. alphanumeric characters. Set Supervisor Password Password can be up to seven Sets the supervisor password. alphanumeric characters. Clear User Password None Pressing enter clears the user password. User Setup Access • Enabled (default) Disable prevents the user from • Disabled accessing setup. Unattended Start • Disabled (default) Sets the unattended start feature. • Enabled When enabled, the computer boots, but the keyboard is locked. Entering the user password unlocks the computer. The user password is required to boot from a floppy diskette. 4.5 Power Menu This menu is used for setting power management features for the computer. Table 31. Power Menu Feature Options Description Power Management Enables or disables the BIOS power • Disabled management feature. • Enabled (default) Inactivity Timer • Off (default) Sets the amount of time before the computer enters standby mode. • 1 Minute • 2 Minutes • 4 Minutes • 6 Minutes • 8 Minutes • 12 Minutes • 16 Minutes Hard Drive • Disabled Enables the hard disks to be power • Enabled (default) managed during standby and suspend modes. VESA Video Power Down • Disabled Enables power management for video • Enabled (default) during standby and suspend modes. 53 BIOS Setup Program 4.6 Boot Menu This menu is used for setting the boot features for the computer. Table 32. Boot Menu Feature Options Description Restore on AC/Power • Stay Off Specifies action following a power failure if computer is Loss powered on. • Last State (default) • Power On Stay Off keeps power off until power button pressed. Last State restores previous power state before power was lost. Power On restores power to the system. On Modem Ring • Stay Off Specifies action of computer when power is off and an • Power On (default) incoming call is detected on an installed modem. On LAN Specifies action of computer when power is off and • Stay Off † • Power On (default) Magic Packet activity is detected. QuickBoot Mode Decreases boot time by skipping certain system tests • Disabled during boot. • Enabled (default) Scan User Flash Area Allows the BIOS to scan the Flash ROM for user • Disabled (default) binaries. • Enabled First Boot Device Specifies the boot sequence from the available • Removable devices devices. To specify boot sequence: • Hard Drive Second Boot Device • ATAPI CD-ROM 1. Select the boot device with <↑> or <↓>. Third Boot Device Drive 2. Press <+> to move the device up the list or <-> to Fourth Boot Device • Network boot move the device down the list. Fifth Boot Device • LANDesk The operating system assigns drive letters to the Service Agent devices in the order listed. The order, and therefore the drive lettering, can be changed for these devices. Hard Drive, submenu None Lists available drives. When selected, displays the Hard Drive submenu. See Section 4.6.1. Removable Devices, None Lists available removable devices. When selected, submenu displays the Removable Devices submenu. See Section 4.6.2. 54 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 4.6.1 Hard Drive Submenu Table 33. Hard Drive Submenu Options Description • Installed hard drive Specifies the boot sequence for the hard drives attached to the computer. To • Bootable ISA Cards specify boot sequence: 1. Select the boot device with <↑> or <↓>. 2. Press <+> to move the device up the list or <-> to move the device down the list. The operating system assigns drive letters to the devices in the order listed. The order, and therefore the drive lettering, can be changed for these devices. Supports all forms of removable devices (including LS-120). 4.6.2 Removable Devices Submenu Table 34. Removable Devices Submenu Options Description • Legacy Floppy Drives Specifies the boot sequence for the removable devices attached to the computer. To specify boot sequence: 1. Select the boot device with <↑> or <↓>. 2. Press <+> to move the device up the list or <-> to move the device down the list. The operating system assigns drive letters to the devices in the order listed. The order, and therefore the drive lettering, can be changed for these devices. 4.7 Exit Menu This section describes how to exit the Setup program. The screen features have no options. Table 35. Exit Menu Feature Description Exit Saving Changes Exits Setup and saves the changes in CMOS RAM. Exit Discarding Changes Exits Setup program without saving any changes. Any changes made in Setup are not saved. Load Setup Defaults Returns all of the Setup options to their defaults. The default Setup values are loaded from the ROM table. Load Custom Defaults Loads the setup settings from the Custom Defaults. Save Custom Defaults Normally, the BIOS reads the setup settings from flash memory. If this memory is corrupted, the BIOS uses the custom defaults. If no custom defaults are set, the BIOS uses the factory defaults. Discard Changes Discards any changes made without exiting Setup. The option values that were present when the computer was turned on are used. 55 BIOS Setup Program 56 5 Error Messages and Beep Codes 5.1 BIOS Error Messages Table 36. BIOS Error Messages Error Message Explanation Diskette drive A error or Drive A: or B: is present but fails the POST diskette tests. Check that the Diskette drive B error floppy drive controller is enabled and the drive is defined with the proper diskette type in Setup and that the diskette drive is installed correctly. Extended RAM Failed at offset: Extended memory not working or not configured properly at offset nnnn. nnnn Failing Bits: nnnn The number nnnn is a map of the bits at the RAM address (System, Extended, or Shadow memory) that failed the memory test. Each 1 in the map indicates a failed bit. Fixed Disk 0 Failure or Fixed disk is not working or not configured properly. Check to see if fixed Fixed Disk 1 Failure or disk is installed properly. Run Setup be sure the fixed-disk type is Fixed Disk Controller Failure correctly identified and enabled. Incorrect Drive A type - run Type of floppy drive for drive A: not correctly identified in Setup. SETUP Incorrect Drive B type - run Type of floppy drive for drive B: not correctly identified in Setup. SETUP Invalid NVRAM media type Problem with NVRAM (CMOS) access. Keyboard controller error The keyboard controller failed test. Try replacing the keyboard. Keyboard error Keyboard not working. Keyboard error nn BIOS discovered a stuck key and displays the scan code nn for the stuck key. Keyboard locked - Unlock key Unlock the system to proceed. switch Monitor type does not match Monitor type not correctly identified in Setup. CMOS - Run SETUP Operating system not found Operating system cannot be located on either drive A: or drive C:. Enter Setup and see if fixed disk and drive A: are properly identified. Parity Check 1 Parity error found in the system bus. BIOS attempts to locate the address and display it on the screen. If it cannot locate the address, it displays ????. Parity Check 2 Parity error found in the I/O bus. BIOS attempts to locate the address and display it on the screen. If it cannot locate the address, it displays ????. Press to resume, to Displayed after any recoverable error message. Press to start the Setup boot process or to enter Setup and change any settings. nnnn = hexadecimal number continued � 57 Error Messages and Beep Codes Table 36. BIOS Error Messages (continued) Error Message Explanation Real time clock error Real-time clock fails BIOS test. May require motherboard repair. Shadow RAM Failed at offset: Shadow RAM failed at offset nnnn of the 64 KB block at which the error nnnn was detected. System battery is dead - The CMOS clock battery indicator shows the battery is dead. Replace Replace and run SETUP the battery and run Setup to reconfigure the system. System cache error - Cache RAM cache failed the BIOS test. BIOS disabled the cache. disabled System CMOS checksum bad - System CMOS RAM has been corrupted or modified incorrectly, perhaps run SETUP by an application program that changes data stored in CMOS. Run Setup and reconfigure the system either by getting the default values and/or making your own selections. System RAM Failed at offset: System RAM failed at offset nnnn of the 64 KB block at which the error nnnn was detected. System timer error The timer test failed. Requires repair of system motherboard. nnnn = hexadecimal number 5.2 Port 80h POST Codes During the POST, the BIOS generates diagnostic progress codes (POST codes) to I/O port 80h. If the POST fails, execution stops and the last POST code generated is left at port 80h. This code is useful for determining the point where an error occurred. Displaying the POST codes requires an add-in card (often called a POST card). The POST card can decode the port and display the contents on a medium such as a seven-segment display. These cards can be purchased from JDR Microdevices or other sources. The following table provides the POST codes that can be generated by the BIOS. Some codes are repeated in the table because that code applies to more than one operation. Table 37. Port 80h Codes Code Description of POST Operation 02h Verify real mode 03h Disable non-maskable interrupt (NMI) 04h Get processor type 06h Initialize system hardware 08h Initialize AGPset with initial POST values 09h Set IN POST flag 0Ah Initialize CPU registers 0Bh Enable CPU cache 0Ch Initialize caches to initial POST values 0Eh Initialize I/O component 0Fh Initialize the local bus IDE continued � 58 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification Table 37. Port 80h Codes (continued) Code Description of POST Operation Currently In Progress 10h Initialize power management 11h Load alternate registers with initial POST valuesnew 12h Restore CPU control word during warm boot 13h Initialize PCI bus mastering devices 14h Initialize keyboard controller 16h BIOS ROM checksum 17h Initialize cache before memory autosize 18h 8254 timer initialization 1Ah 8237 DMA controller initialization 1Ch Reset programmable interrupt controller 20h Test DRAM refresh 22h Test keyboard controller 24h Set ES segment register to 4 GB 26h Enable A20 line 28h Autosize DRAM 29h Initialize POST memory manager 2Ah Clear 512 KB base RAM 2Ch RAM failure on address line xxxx* 2Eh RAM failure on data bits xxxx* of low byte of memory bus 2Fh Enable cache before system BIOS shadow 30h RAM failure on data bits xxxx* of high byte of memory bus 32h Test CPU bus-clock frequency 33h Initialize POST dispatch manager 34h Test CMOS RAM 35h Initialize alternate AGPset registers 36h Warm start shut down 37h Reinitialize the AGPset (MB only) 38h Shadow system BIOS ROM 39h Reinitialize the cache (MB only) 3Ah Autosize cache 3Ch Configure advanced AGPset registers 3Dh Load alternate registers with CMOS valuesnew 40h Set Initial CPU speed new 42h Initialize interrupt vectors 44h Initialize BIOS interrupts 45h POST device initialization 46h Check ROM copyright notice * hexadecimal number continued � 59 Error Messages and Beep Codes Table 37. Port 80h Codes (continued) Code Description of POST Operation Currently In Progress 47h Initialize manager for PCI option ROMs 48h Check video configuration against CMOS RAM data 49h Initialize PCI bus and devices 4Ah Initialize all video adapters in system 4Bh Display QuietBoot screen 4Ch Shadow video BIOS ROM 4Eh Display BIOS copyright notice 50h Display CPU type and speed 51h Initialize EISA motherboard 52h Test keyboard 54h Set key click if enabled 56h Enable keyboard 58h Test for unexpected interrupts 59h Initialize POST display service 5Ah Display prompt "Press F2 to enter SETUP" 5Bh Disable CPU cache 5Ch Test RAM between 512 and 640 KB 60h Test extended memory 62h Test extended memory address lines 64h Jump to UserPatch1 66h Configure advanced cache registers 67h Initialize multiprocessor APIC 68h Enable external and processor caches 69h Setup System Management Mode (SMM) area 6Ah Display external L2 cache size 6Ch Display shadow-area message 6Eh Display possible high address for UMB recovery 70h Display error messages 72h Check for configuration errors 74h Test real-time clock 76h Check for keyboard errors 7Ah Test for key lock on 7Ch Set up hardware interrupt vectors 7Eh Initialize coprocessor if present 80h Disable onboard Super I/O ports and IRQs 81h Late POST device initialization 82h Detect and install external RS232 ports 83h Configure non-MCD IDE controllers continued � 60 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification Table 37. Port 80h Codes (continued) Code Description of POST Operation Currently In Progress 84h Detect and install external parallel ports 85h Initialize PC-compatible PnP ISA devices 86h Re-initialize onboard I/O ports 87h Configure motherboard configurable devices 88h Initialize BIOS Data Area 89h Enable Non-Maskable Interrupts (NMIs) 8Ah Initialize extended BIOS data area 8Bh Test and initialize PS/2 mouse 8Ch Initialize floppy controller 8Fh Determine number of ATA drives 90h Initialize hard-disk controllers 91h Initialize local-bus hard-disk controllers 92h Jump to UserPatch2 93h Build MPTABLE for multiprocessor boards 94h Disable A20 address line (Rel. 5.1 and earlier) 95h Install CD-ROM for boot 96h Clear huge ES segment register 97h Fix up multiprocessor table 98h Search for option ROMs 99h Check for SMART Drive 9Ah Shadow option ROMs 9Ch Set up power management 9Eh Enable hardware interrupts 9Fh Determine number of ATA and SCSI drives A0h Set time of day A2h Check key lock A4h Initialize typematic rate A8h Erase F2 prompt AAh Scan for F2 key stroke ACh Enter SETUP AEh Clear IN POST flag B0h Check for errors B2h POST done - prepare to boot operating system B4h One short beep before boot B5h Terminate QuietBoot B6h Check password (optional) B8h Clear global descriptor table B9h Clean up all graphics continued � 61 Error Messages and Beep Codes Table 37. Port 80h Codes (continued) Code Description of POST Operation Currently In Progress BAh Initialize DMI parameters BBh Initialize PnP Option ROMs BCh Clear parity checkers BDh Display MultiBoot menu BEh Clear screen (optional) BFh Check virus and backup reminders C0h Try to boot with INT 19 C1h Initialize POST Error Manager (PEM) C2h Initialize error logging C3h Initialize error display function C4h Initialize system error handler E0h Initialize the AGPset E1h Initialize the bridge E2h Initialize the processor E3h Initialize system timer E4h Initialize system I/O E5h Check force recovery boot E6h Checksum BIOS ROM E7h Go to BIOS E8h Set huge segment E9h Initialize multiprocessor EAh Initialize OEM special code EBh Initialize PIC and DMA ECh Initialize memory type EDh Initialize memory size EEh Shadow boot block EFh System memory test F0h Initialize interrupt vectors F1h Initialize runtime clock F2h Initialize video F3h Initialize beeper F4h Initialize boot F5h Clear huge segment F6h Boot to mini-DOS F7h Boot to full DOS 62 LM440LX NLX Motherboard Technical Product Specification 5.3 BIOS Beep Codes Beeps codes represent a terminal error. If the BIOS detects a terminal error condition, it outputs an error beep code, halts the POST, and attempts to display a port 80h code on the POST card’s LED display. Table 38. Beep Codes Beeps 80h Code Description 1 B4h One short beep before boot 1-2 98h Search for option ROMs 1-2-2-3 16h BIOS ROM checksum 1-3-1-1 20h Test DRAM refresh 1-3-1-3 22h Test keyboard controller 1-3-4-1 2Ch RAM failure on address line xxxx* 1-3-4-3 2Eh RAM failure on data bits xxxx* of low byte of memory bus 1-4-1-1 30h RAM failure on data bits xxxx* of high byte of memory bus 2-1-2-3 46h Check ROM copyright notice 2-2-3-1 58h Test for unexpected interrupts * hexadecimal number 63 Error Messages and Beep Codes 64 6 Specifications and Customer Support 6.1 Online Support Find information about Intel boards under “Product Info” or “Customer Support” at this World Wide Web site: http://www.intel.com/ 6.2 Specifications The motherboard complies with the following specifications: Table 39. Compliance with Specifications Specification Description Revision Level ACPI Advanced Configuration and Version 1.0, Date December 22, 1996 Power Interface specification Intel Corp., Microsoft Corporation, Toshiba Corporation A.G.P. Accelerated Graphics Port Revision 1.0, July, 1996, Intel Corporation. Interface Specification The specification is available through the Accelerated Graphics Implementers Forum at: http://www.agpforum.org/ APM Advanced Power Management Revision 1.2, February, 1996 BIOS interface specification Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation ATA-3 Information Technology - AT X3T10/2008D Revision 6 Attachment-3 Interface ATA Anonymous FTP Site: fission.dt.wdc.com ATA-33 Synchronous DMA Transfer Revision 0.7, May 21, 1996 Protocol specification (to be Quantum document no. 70-108412-1 proposed as Ultra DMA/33 standard) ATAPI ATA Packet Interface for CD- SFF-8020i Revision 2.5 ROMs (SFF) Fax Access: (408) 741-1600 DMI Desktop Management Interface Version 2.0, October 16, 1995 BIOS specification American Megatrends Inc., Award Software International Inc., Dell Computer Corporation, Intel Corporation, Phoenix Technologies Ltd., SystemSoft Corporation El Torito Bootable CD-ROM format Version 1.0, January 25, 1995 specification Phoenix Technologies Ltd., IBM Corporation. The El Torito specification is available on the Phoenix Web site http://www.ptltd.com/techs/specs.html EPP Enhanced Parallel Port IEEE 1284 standard, Mode [1 or 2], v1.7 continued � 65 Specifications and Customer Support Table 39. Compliance with Specifications (continued) Specification Description Revision Level NLX NLX form factor specification Revision 1.2, February 1997 Intel Corporation, The specification is available at: http://www.intel.com/ NLX NLX Power Supply Version 1.1, May, 1997 recommendation Intel Corporation, The specification is available at: http://www.intel.com/ NLX NLX I/O Shield Design Version 1.0, May, 1997 Suggestions Intel Corporation, The specification is available at: http://www.intel.com/ PCI PCI Local Bus specification Revision 2.1, June 1, 1995, PCI Special Interest Group Phoenix BIOS PhoenixBIOS Revision 4.0, February 27, 1997, Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Plug and Play Plug and Play BIOS Version 1.0a, May 5, 1994 specification Compaq Computer Corporation, Phoenix Technologies Ltd., Intel Corporation SDRAM DIMMs 4-Clock, 66 MHz, 64-bit Revision 1.0, January 27, 1997, Intel Corporation (64-bit) Unbuffered DIMM specification SDRAM DIMMs 4-Clock 66 MHz 72-bit Revision 1.0, January 27, 1997, Intel Corporation (72-bit) Unbuffered DIMM specification USB Universal serial bus Revision 1.0, January 15, 1996 specification Compaq Computer Corporation, Digital Equipment Corporation, IBM PC Company, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, NEC, Northern Telecom 66